Each part of this question covers a key concept. Each requires at most a few sen
ID: 283940 • Letter: E
Question
Each part of this question covers a key concept. Each requires at most a few sentences to answer; some are much shorter. Please be concise. The following image was released to commemorate the sixth anniversary of the Hubble Space Telescope. It shows several blue, loop-shaped objects that are actually multiple images of the same background galaxy. These images surround a cluster of yellow elliptical and spiral galaxies near the image's center. Assuming that the distances from Earth to the cluster and background galaxy are known, what properties of the cluster and the background galaxy can we determine based on the image? What evidence suggests that MACHOs comprise at most a small fraction of the dark matter?Explanation / Answer
ANSWER (a): Based on the given image , the following properties of the two galaxies can be determined:
ANSWER (b): Since MACHOs are not luminous, they are hard to detect. MACHOs include black holes or neutron stars as well as brown dwarfs and unassociated planets.
Massive astrophysical compact halo object (MACHO) is any kind of astronomical body that might explain the apparent presence of dark matter in galaxy halos.
The galactic halo is an extended, roughly spherical component of a galaxy which extends beyond the main, visible component. Several distinct components of galaxies comprise the halo:
A dark matter halo is a hypothetical component of a galaxy that envelops the galactic disc and extends well beyond the edge of the visible galaxy. The halo's mass dominates the total mass. Since they consist of dark matter, halos cannot be observed directly, but their existence is inferred through their effects on the motions of stars and gas in galaxies. Dark matter halos play a key role in current models of galaxy formation and evolution.
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