Use each of the following term ONCE and explain why you would use that type of t

Question

Use each of the following term ONCE and explain why you would use that type of test.

Terms: Repeated Measures t-test, Z-Test, Correlation, Repeated Measures ANOVA, Independent Groups t-test, One sample t-test, One way ANOVA

1. A researcher for a cereal company wanted to demonstrate the health benefits of eating oatmeal. A sample of 9 volunteers was obtained and each participant ate a fixed diet without any oatmeal for 30 days. At the end of the 30-day period, cholesterol was measured for each individual. Then the participants began a second 30-day period in which they repeated exactly the same diet except that they added 2 cups of oatmeal each day. After the second 30-day period, cholesterol levels were measured again and the researcher recorded the difference between the two scores for each participant.                       

2. One possible explanation for why some birds migrate and others maintain year round residency in a single location is intelligence (measured as brain-to-body ratio). Specifically, birds with smaller brain, relative to their body size, are not simply smart enough to find food during the winter and must migrate to warmer climates where food is easily available. Birds with bigger brains, on the other hand, are more creative and can find food even when the weather turns harsh. This study compared non-migrating, short-distance migrants, and long-distance migrants in terms of relative brain size.

3. In 1974, Loftus and Palmer conducted a classic study demonstrating how the language used to ask a question can influence eyewitness memory. In the study, college students watched a film of an automobile accident and then were asked questions about what they saw. One group was asked, “About how fast were the cars going when they smashed into each other?” A different group was asked the same question except the verb was changed to “hit” instead of “smashed into.” The “smashed into” group reportedly significantly higher estimates of speed than the “hit” group. Suppose a researcher repeats this study with a sample of today’s college students and obtains the following results.

4. Research shows that people who do well on the SAT tend to do well in college (they have a higher GPA). Likewise, students who do not do well on the SAT struggle in college (they have a lower GPA). This information is used by college admissions officials to determine if a student should be admitted or not.

5. In a study examining the effect of alcohol on reaction time, researchers found that even moderate alcohol consumption significantly slowed response time to an emergency situation in a driving simulation. In a similar study, researchers measured reaction time 30 minutes after participants consumed one 6-ounce glass of wine. Again, they used a standardized driving simulation task for which the regular population averages u = 400 msec. The distribution of reaction times is approximately normal with ? = 40. Assume that the researcher obtained a sample mean of M = 422 for the n = 25 participants in the study.

6. Researchers investigated different viewing distances for a 42-inch high-definition television. Four viewing distances were evaluated – 9 feet, 12 feet, 15 feet, and 18 feet. Each participant was free to move back and forth among the four distances while watching a 30-minute video on the television. The only restriction was that each person had to spend at least two minutes watching from each of the four distances. At the end of the video, each participant rated all of the viewing distances on a scale of 1 (Very Bad, definitely need to move closer or farther away) to 7 (Excellent, perfect viewing distance).

7. Researchers report that students who were given questions to be answered while studying new material had better scores when tested on the material compared to students who were simply given an opportunity to reread the material. In a similar study, an instructor in a large psychology class gave one group of students questions to be answered while studying for the final exam. The overall average for the exam was µ = 73.4, but the n = 16 students who answered questions had a mean of M = 78.3 with a standard deviation of s = 8.4. For this study, did answering       questions while studying produce significantly higher exam scores?  

Explanation / Answer

1) we use repeated measures of t test

Since we are conducting the experiment for the same experimental units.so we use paired t test.

2) one way anova

Here there is only one dependent variable.se we use one way anova.

3) independent t test

We have to test between two independent groups

4) correlation

We have to test whether there is any relation between two variables.

5) z test is used since we know the population standard deviation.

6) repeated measures of anova

7) one sample t test is used since we have sample standard deviation and the sample size is less than 30

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