Can someone help me with this assignment: Define the steps needed to evaluate th

Question

Can someone help me with this assignment:

Define the steps needed to evaluate the categorical response and categorical explanatory variable research question.

Research Question: Does smoking status during pregnancies (categorical- dichotomous) (explanatory) relate to having a low birth weight baby (categorical- dichotomous) (response)?

The five steps are:

1. Define the parameter of interest

2. State the hypotheses

3. Determine the test statistic and p-value considering any necessary assumptions

4. Decide whether to reject or not reject the null hypothesis

5. Clearly state a conclusion in the context of the problem

Here is the Data: (0=NO, 1=YES)

Low birth wt 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

Explanation / Answer

1.

We want to check if smoking during pregnancy affects birth weight.

2.

H0: Smoking during pregnancy doesnot lead to low birth weight

H1: Smoking during pregnancy leads to low birth weight

3.

Chi square test: -

The P-Value is 0.026501. If the significance level is 0.05, the result is significant as p < 0.05 and hence the null hypothesis must be rejected.

4.

If the significance level is 0.05, the result is significant at p < 0.05 and hence the null hypothesis must be rejected.

5.

We have enough evidence to conclude that smoking during pregnancy leads to low birth weight.

Observed Smoking: Yes Smoking: No Total Low birth wt: Yes 30 29 59 Low birth wt: No 44 86 130 Total 74 115 189 Expected Smoking: Yes Smoking: No Total Low birth wt: Yes 23.1005291 35.8994709 59 Low birth wt: No 50.8994709 79.1005291 130 Total 74 115 189 (Observed-Expected)^2/Expected Smoking: Yes Smoking: No Total Low birth wt: Yes 2.060675688 1.326000008 3.386675696 Low birth wt: No 0.935229735 0.601800004 1.537029739 Total 2.995905423 1.927800011 4.923705434

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