35. The epicentre of an earthquake is on the surface of the Earth directly above

Question

35. The epicentre of an earthquake is on the surface of the Earth directly above the focus. 36. Earthquakes result from the sudden release of elastic strain energy previously stored in rocks surrounding a zone of fault movement. 37. The energy released by an earthquake is very intense, and felt just as strongly in distant places, in accordance with its magnitude. 38. S waves are waves that can travel through solid and liquid media. 39. Horizontal vibrations, such as induced by strike-slip faulting, S-waves and some types of surface waves are generally much more dangerous to tall buildings than vertical up and down ground shaking.

Explanation / Answer

35. TRUE.

Explanation : The focus or hypocenter of an earthquake is the point of rupture inside the earth's surface and the epicenter of an earthquake is on the surface of the Earth directly above the focus.

36. TRUE.

Explanation : Over years, elastic strain energy keeps on accumulating in the rocks of the earth's crust and the sudden release of this energy by faulting when the rocks can no longer hold the excessive strain causes earthquakes.

37. TRUE.

Explanation : The energy released by an earthquake is directly proportional to its magnitude. If the earthquake has a greater magnitude, greater energy will be released and the energy will be strong even in distant places.

38. FALSE

Explanation : P waves are the waves that can travel through solid and liquid media. S waves cannot pass through liquids.

39. TRUE.

Explanation : S waves causes shaking of the ground surface in a direction perpendicular to the direction of motion. Other surface waves such as Love waves(horizontally polarised S waves) and rayleigh waves(rolling motion) are also destructive to the buildings because they are mostly felt on the surface and very rarely in the interior of the earth.

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