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(Due 7/24) The number of chocolate chips in an 18-ounce bag is approximately nor

ID: 2949656 • Letter: #

Question

(Due 7/24) The number of chocolate chips in an 18-ounce bag is approximately normally distributed with a mean of 1262 chips and standard deviation 118 chips according to a study, a) What is the probability that a randomly selected 18-ounce bag contains between 1. 1000 and 1400 chips? b) What is the probability that a randomly selected 18-ounce bag contains fewer than 990 chips? c) What is the probability that a randomly selected 18-ounce bag contains more than 1200 chips? d) What is the percentile rank of an 18-ounce bag that contains 1050 chips? el What is the interquartile range of the number of chips? f) Determine the chips of the bottom 5%. g) Determine the chips of the top 10%.

Explanation / Answer

1.

We are given that Mean = 1262 , Standard deviation = S = 118

a) We need to find P( 1000 < X < 1400 )

= P( X < 1400 ) - P( X < 1000 )

= P( (X - mean) / S < (1400 - Mean) / S ) - P( (X - mean) / S < (1000 - Mean) / S )

= P( Z < (1400 - 1262) / 118 ) - P( Z < (1000 - 1262) / 118 )

= P( Z < 1.17) - P ( Z < -2.22)

= 0.8658

b) We need to find , P( X < 990 )

= P( (X - mean) / S < (990 - Mean) / S )

= P( Z < (990 - 1262 ) /118)

= P(Z< -2.305)

= 0.0106

c) We need to find, P( X > 1200)

= 1- P( X < 1200 )

= 1 - P( (X - mean) / S < (1200 - Mean) / S )

= 1 - P( Z < ( 1200 - 1262 ) / 118 )

= 1 - P(Z < -0.5254)

= 0.7

d) We have P( X < 1050) = Y

We need to find Y

P( X < 1050) = Y

=> P( (X - mean) / S < (1050- Mean) / S ) = Y

=> P ( Z < -1.7966 ) = Y

=> Y = 0.0362

Percentile rank for an 18-ounce bag that contains 1050 chips = 0.0362 = 3.62 %

e) Interquartile range = Q3 - Q1

Where , Q3 = third quartile

Q1 = First quartile

P( X < Q1 ) = 0.25

P( (X - mean) / S < (Q1- Mean) / S ) = 0.25

P( Z < (Q1- 1262) / 118 ) = 0.25

( Q1 - 1262 ) / 118 = -0.6745

=> Q1 = 1182.41

P( X < Q3 ) = 0.75

P( (X - mean) / S < (Q3- Mean) / S ) = 0.75

P( Z < (Q3- 1262) / 118 ) = 0.75

( Q3 - 1262 ) / 118 = 0.6745

=> Q3 = 1341.59

Interquartile range (IQR) = Q3 - Q1 = 1341.59 - 1182.41 = 159.181

f) Let us denote the chips below 'B' value to be bottom 5%

We have P( X < B ) = 0.05

We need to find 'B'

=> P( (X - mean) / S < (B- Mean) / S ) = 0.05

=> P( Z < (B- 1262) / 118 ) = 0.05

=> (B- 1262) / 118 = -1.645

=> B = 1067.89

Any number of chips below 1067.89 falls in bottom 5%

g)

Let us denote the chips above 'T' value to be top 10%

We have P( X > T ) = 0.10

1- P( X < T )= 0.10

P( X < T ) = 0.90

We need to find 'T'

=> P( (X - mean) / S < (T- Mean) / S ) = 0.90

=> P( Z < (T- 1262) / 118 ) = 0.90

=> (T- 1262) / 118 = 1.28155

=> T = 1413.22

Any number of chips above 1413.22 falls in top 10%