1. Drainage basin (the entire area drained by a stream and its tributaries) is a

Question

1. Drainage basin (the entire area drained by a stream and its tributaries) is also known as:
A. Watershed.
B. Water divide.
C. Water body.
D. Drainage stream.
2. Which of the following is not true regarding closed drainage basins?
A. They are found where drainage networks are well-developed.
B. They are also known as internally drained basins.
C. They are found where drainage networks are not well-developed.
D. They are most commonly found in arid regions.
3. Which of the following is not true regarding sediment rating curves?
A. They account for all sediment (suspended, dissolved, bedload) leaving the drainage basin.
B. Describe sediment discharge as a function of water discharge.
C. They account for most of the suspended sediment leaving the drainage basin.
D. Sometimes the display large amount of scatter due to hysteresis phenomenon.
4. Consequent streams generally:
A. Follow the regional geological structure.
B. Follow the shorelines of major lakes.
C. Follow the water divide between two major drainage basins.
D. Follow the shorelines of the oceans.
5. Which of the following is not true regarding transverse streams?
A. They are confined by regional structural trends.
B. They cut across regional geological structure.
C. It is possible that they form by the erosion by the antecedent.
D. It is also possible that they form by drainage superposition processes.
6. Which of the following is not true regarding classification of stream ordering?
A. In Strahler’s scheme, when two second-order streams join, the result is a fourth-order
stream.
B. In Strahler’s scheme, when two second-order streams join, the result is a third order stream.
C. In a Strahler’s scheme, when two first-order streams join, the result is a second-order stream.
D. Shreve scheme is also used in classification of stream ordering.
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7. Which of the following is true about valley segments?
A. They include colluvial valleys, bedrock valleys, and Alluvial valleys.
B. Alluvial valleys are characterized by the presence of hallows.
C. Colluvial valleys are generally sites of sediment storage.
D. Bedrock valleys are generally characterized by the presence of floodplains.
8. Which of the following is not true regarding knickpoints.
A. They are places where the stream’s longitudinal profile deviates from the shoreline of the
channel.
B. They are places where the stream’s longitudinal profile deviates from smooth concavity.
C. They are formed in response to change in climate, lithology or tectonic activities.
D. Streams in tectonically-active regions are characterized by longitudinal profiles with higher
number of knickpoints compared to those draining tectonically-inactive regions.
9. Which of the following best describes strath terraces?
A. Terraces eroded into stable substrates.
B. Terraces formed by filling of an already incised valley.
C. Terraces that have extremely thick unconsolidated alluvium deposits.
D. They are also known as alluvial fans.
10. Which of the following is not true regarding bajada?
A. They are characteristic features of alluvial valleys.
B. They form when channel cross and flow into structurally-controlled valley.
C. They form when individual alluvial fans merge into each other.
D. They require sufficiently high sediment load to be carried by streams.
11. The movement of glaciers by ice creep mechanism refers to?
A. Movement of glaciers as a result of basal sliding.
B. Movement of glaciers as a result of internal ice deformation.
C. Movement of glaciers by ice recrystallization.
D. Movement of glaciers by underlying bedrock deformation.
12. Glen’s law relates:
A. The rate of ice deformation to a rate parameter that increases with temperature and normal
stress.
B. The rate of ice precipitation to a rate parameter that increases with temperature and normal
stress.
C. The rate of ice deformation to a rate parameter that increases with temperature and shear
stress.
D. The rate of ice precipitation to a rate parameter that increases with temperature and shear
stress.
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13. Which of the following is not true regarding cold-based glaciers?
A. The glacier is frozen to the bed.
B. Glacier movement is driven by ice deformation.
C. The glacier movement is also driven by the ice surface slope.
D. Glacier movement is driven by sliding over the bed.
14. Which of the following is not an indication of bedrock abrasion by glaciers?
A. Mineral lineation.
B. Striations.
C. Grooving.
D. Glacier polish.
15. The idea that glacial processes effectively remove rock elevated above the equilibrium line altitude is
referred to as?
A. Glacial erosion hypothesis.
B. Glacier buzz equilibrium hypothesis.
C. Glacier buzz saw hypothesis.
D. Uplift equilibrium hypothesis.
16. The unsorted glacial sediment is referred to as?
A. Glacial till.
B. Glacier breccia.
C. Glacier conglomerate.
D. Glacier pyroclastic deposit.
17. In glacial geomorphology, outwash refers to:
A. Sediment deposited by braided streams from a melting glacier.
B. Sediment eroded by the movement of the glacier.
C. The water released when glacier melts.
D. The erosion of the river bank due to flooding when glacier melts.
18. The annual deposition of fine bands of sediments during winter when the lake is iced and coarse
bands of sediments during summer is revered to as?
A. Banded sediment.
B. Varved sediment.
C. Layered sediment.
D. Graded sediment.
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19. In glacial geomorphology, IRD is referred to:
A. Ice resistant deposits.
B. Ice residual debris.
C. Ice rafted deformation.
D. Ice rafted debris.
20. Which of the following is not true regarding solifluction?
A. It occurs in permafrost regions during the winter months.
B. It is the slow mass-wasting slope process occurring in periglacial environments.
C. It is most active in environments that are just under freezing temperatures.
D. It occurs in permafrost regions during the winter month.
21. What is the predominant mineral in most Aeolian sediment?
A. Feldspar.
B. Gypsum.
C. Olivine.
D. None of the above.
22. In Aeolian geomorphology, fluid threshold curve refers to?
A. Win speed needed to entrain particles.
B. Wind speed needed to move sediment grain.
C. The size of the sediment grain suspended in air.
D. The amount of wind in a given geographic region.
23. Which the following is not true regarding ventifacts?
A. They are wind-eroded rocks.
B. They are on the scale of meters to kilometer.
C. They are on the scale of decimeters to meters.
D. They are prevalent in relatively arid regions.
24. The indurated coastal dune material cemented by calcium carbonate overlying many elevated
marine terraces is referred to as?
A. Loess.
B. Aeolinite.
C. Kaolinite.
D. Limestonite.
25. Saltation refers to:
A. The amount of salt in the Aeolian sediment.
B. The amount suspended sediment in the air.
C. The mechanism through which wind moves sand size grains.
D. The process through which desert pavement is formed.

Explanation / Answer

Question 1

Answer: D. Drainage stream

Drainage basin (the entire area drained by a stream and its tributaries) is also known as Drainage stream.

Drainage basin is having a systematic view of rivers systems and patterns, these are patterns formed by the streams

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