Q5) Selecting a statistical test for a given research question (6 points) For ea
ID: 3048049 • Letter: Q
Question
Q5) Selecting a statistical test for a given research question (6 points)
For each of the scenarios below:
Step 1. Read the scenario and identify the dependent variable and its type (nominal, ordinal, or continuous/equal-interval).
Step 2. Select the appropriate test for the given scenario.
Correlation
Single-sample t test
Dependent-means (dependent-samples) t test
Independent-means (independent-samples) t test
Chi-square for goodness of fit
Chi-square for independence
A psychologist wants to know if anxiety changes in the early adulthood years for those who have completed college. He collects data from a large sample of college graduating seniors aged 22 and assesses their level of anxiety (through the use of a survey with 10 items thank rank anxiety on a scale from 1 to 10). Then, he follows up with the same participants 5 years later to collect data on their anxiety (using the same survey). Research question: Does anxiety change for college graduates in early adulthood? (2 points total: .5 for variable name, .5 for variable type, 1 for test)
Dependent variable:
Variable type:
Test:
An owner at an upscale restaurant wants to know if having music increases the amount of money people spend on their dinner bills. She engages a researcher to assess the potential benefit of hiring musicians to play at their restaurant. The researcher designates one dining room in the restaurant as the “music” group and another dining room as the “no music” group. The researcher assesses the money patrons in each condition spend on their meals. Research question: Does the music group have different dinner bills from the no-music group? (2 points total: .5 for variable name, .5 for variable type, 1 for test)
Dependent variable:
Variable type:
Test:
A researcher asked 1,000 people if they consider themselves more optimistic or pessimistic. The response of “optimistic” was selected by 752 people, and the response of “pessimistic” was selected by 248. Research question: Do people report that they are more optimistic or pessimistic? (2 points total: .5 for variable name, .5 for variable type, 1 for test)
Dependent variable:
Variable type:
Test:
Explanation / Answer
(1) Dependent variable: level of anxiety, recorded in a scale of 1 to 10.
Variable type: Ordinal.
Test: Dependent-means (dependent-samples) t test.
(2) Dependent variable: amount of money spent by people on their dinner bills.
Variable type: Continuous.
Test: Independent-means (independent-samples) t test.
(3) Dependent variable: choosing an option whether a person is pessimistic or optimistic.
Variable type: Nominal.
Test: Chi-square for goodness of fit.
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