Researchers collected data to examine the relationship between pollutants and pr

Question

Researchers collected data to examine the relationship between pollutants and preterm births in Southern California. During the study air pollution levels were measured by air quality monitoring stations. Specifically, levels of carbon monoxide were recorded in parts per million, nitrogen dioxide and ozone in parts per hundred million, and coarse particulate matter PM10 in g/m3. Length of gestation data were collected on 143,196 births between the years 1989 and 1993, and air pollution exposure during gestation was calculated for each birth. The analysis suggested that increased ambient PM10 and, to a lesser degree, CO concentrations may be associated with the occurrence of preterm births.

NOTE: I have to get all parts correct to get credit, and right now, it is coming up as 0%. What am I doing wrong? (Please only answer if you are 100% certain as I only have 1 attempt left otherwise even one part wrong is a zero)

a. The paragraph above describes an A. Observational Study B. Experiment b. The cases in this research are OA. Each birth between 1989 and 1993 B. Each type of pollution measured by air quality monitoring stations C. Each year between 1989 and 1993 D. Air pollution exposure during gestation c. What is the research question? A. How much air pollution is there in Southern California? B. How prevalent was preterm birth during the years 1989 to 1993? C. Are preterm births associated with air pollution levels? D. How can expectant mothers avoid air pollution? d. What is the population of interest? A. All human babies OB. All years for which air quality has been measured C. All environmental pollutants D. All air quality monitoring stations e. What is the sample? A. The pollution measurements for the 4 pollutants B. Al air quality monitoring stations C. The 143,196 births D. The years between 1989 and 1993

Explanation / Answer

a) The paragraph above describe an Experiment.

Since during the study air pollution levels were measured by air quality monitoring stations and different gaseous levels in the atmosphere.

That means we are performing a random experiment.

b) The cases in this research are:

D) Air pollution exposure during gestation.

Since we need to examine the relationship between pollutants and preterm births.

c) The reaserch question is:

Are preterm births associated with air pollution levels.

d) The population of interest in this study is:

All years for which air quality has been measured.

e) The sample is:

The pollution measurements for the 4 pollutants. Since this is the part of the population.

f)

levels of Ozon:- Is numerical and discrete since it is measured in part per hundred million.

Levels of gestation: It is numerical and continuous since it is measured in the interval of time.

Levels of Nitrogen dioxide:- Is numerical and discrete since it is measured in part per hundred million.

Levels of carbon monoxide:-Is numerical and discrete since it is measured in part per million.

Levels of coarse particular matter: It is numerical and continuous since it is measured in the volume.

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