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A researcher is interested in whether union workers earned significantly higher

ID: 3129449 • Letter: A

Question

A researcher is interested in whether union workers earned significantly higher wages than non-union workers last year. She interviewed 12 union workers and 15 non-union workers, and their wages are shown in the following table. Test the null hypothesis of no difference between the wages of union workers and non-union workers.(=0.05

Union

16.95

17.21

14.00

17.21

16.00

18.50

18.24

16.35

14.9

15.45

17.80

19.00

Non-Union

11.20

10.95

13.50

15.00

12.75

11.80

13.00

15.40

14.50

10.75

15.80

13.00

11.65

10.50

14.00

                                         

a.Formulate the null and alternative hypothesis test.

b.Calculate the p-value.

c.What is your decision? Why?

d.State the conclusion and what this represents.

Union

16.95

17.21

14.00

17.21

16.00

18.50

18.24

16.35

14.9

15.45

17.80

19.00

Non-Union

11.20

10.95

13.50

15.00

12.75

11.80

13.00

15.40

14.50

10.75

15.80

13.00

11.65

10.50

14.00

Explanation / Answer

a)

Formulating the null and alternative hypotheses,              
              
Ho:   u1 - u2   =   0  
Ha:   u1 - u2   =/   0  
At level of significance =    0.05          
As we can see, this is a    two   tailed test.  
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b)
  
Calculating the means of each group,              
              
X1 =    16.80083333          
X2 =    12.92          
              
Calculating the standard deviations of each group,              
              
s1 =    1.515894325          
s2 =    1.754260121          
              
Thus, the standard error of their difference is, by using sD = sqrt(s1^2/n1 + s2^2/n2):              
              
n1 = sample size of group 1 =    12          
n2 = sample size of group 2 =    15          
Thus, df = n1 + n2 - 2 =    25          
Also, sD =    0.629806747          
              
Thus, the t statistic will be              
              
t = [X1 - X2 - uD]/sD =    6.161943091          
              
where uD = hypothesized difference =    0          
              
Also, using p values,              
              
p =    1.92106E-06   [ANSWER, P VALUE]

**********************************

c)      
              
As P < 0.05,    WE REJECT THE NULL HYPOTHESIS.      
********************
d)  

Hence, there is significant evidence at 0.05 level that there is a difference between the wages of union workers and non-union workers. [CONCLUSION]

*****************************************************

Hi! If you use another method/formula in calculating the degrees of freedom in this t-test, please resubmit this question together with the formula/method you use in determining the degrees of freedom. That way we can continue helping you! Thanks!

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