The kidneys help remove metabolic waste products from the blood. They further co

Question

The kidneys help remove metabolic waste products from the blood. They further contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis by regulating the volume, composition and pH of the blood. The nephrons of the kidney carry out these various roles through the processes of filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Filtration takes place from glomerular capillaries into Bowman's capsule. Materials forced out of the blood in this way make up the resulting fluid, the filtrate. Substances in the filtrate include waste molecules, water, nutrients, and electrolytes. Vital substances needed by the body are reabsorbed from the filtrate back to the blood stream, while wastes and materials not. needed continue in the filtrate and are excreted in the urine. The following table shows some of the chemical constituents of the plasma, as well as how much of each chemical is filtered and reabsorbed by the kidneys in one day (all values, except water, are expressed in grams). In a single day, approximately what percentage of water filtered from the plasma leaves the body urine? A. 0.1 percent. B. 1 percent C. 10 percent D. 99 percent

Explanation / Answer

More than 99 %

water - 180,000 ml

rest are very small compared to this

total = (180,000+ 20 + 630 +540 +300 +180 +53 +28 +8.5+1.5) =181761

hence required percentage = 180000/181761=0.9903114

=99%

option D) is correct

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