Consider the following circuit containing two sources, each with an internal res

Question

Consider the following circuit containing two sources, each with an internal resistance of 5 Ohm, and two load resistors, being 40 Ohm and 100 Ohm. How much current flows through this circuit and in what direction does it flow? What is the potential at a relative to ground? What is the potential at b relative to ground? Where in the circuit is the potential the highest? Where is it the lowest? Calculate the total power dissipated in both load resistors. If the 100 Ohm resistor is replaced by a short circuit, is the total power absorbed by the 40 Ohm resistor greater than, equal to, or less than the total power initially absorbed by both resistors? How much power is supplied by each source? (Include the effect of the internal resistances.)

Explanation / Answer

3. Applying KVL

0 - 5I + 12 - 40I - 3 - 5I - 100I = 0

I = 0.06 A

(A) I = 0.06 A from a to b or counterclockwise

(B) Va = - 5I + 12 = 11.7 Volt ......Ans

Vb = -5I + 12 - 40I - 3 = 6.3 Volt

Vba = 6.3 - 11.7 = 5.4 Volt ......Ans

(c) highest at A. and lowest is at in between 12 V battery and 5 ohm resistor.

(d) total power = i^2 ( 40 + 100) = 0.06^2 x 140 = 0.504 W

(E) now I = (12 - 3) / (40 + 5 +5) = 0.18 A

P = 0.18^2 x 40 = 1.30 W

that is greater than absorbed by both the resistor.

(f) P = V I = (12 - 3) (0.06) = 0.54 W

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