limbs and lungs? 8. What is the name of the membranous covering associated with
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limbs and lungs? 8. What is the name of the membranous covering associated with the heart? 9. What structure in the frog receives materials from the large intestine, mesonephritic ducts, and the reproductive organs? 10. Which animals have modified scales covering their bodies, have scales on their feet, lay shelled eggs, and have internal organs and skulls that provide evidence to classify them as reptiles? 11. What organs are present if a vertebrate has a pulmonary system of circulation with pulmonary capillaries? 12. How many ventricles are present in the heart of an amphibian and most reptiles? 13. Which vertebrates have air sacs attached to their lungs that make the lungs more efficient? at organs, present in all the vertebrates, produce urine and maintain the proper balance of fluids and salts in the blood? 14. Wh Thought Questions 15. a. Does the circulatory system of fishes have a pulmonary circuit? Explain your answer b. Given the attachment of gills to the pharynx, explain the absence of a trachea in fishes and the need for a trachea in mammals. 16. What is the role of the four-chambered hearts of birds and mammals in maintaining a warm body temperature? 17. a. Which of the animals studied in this laboratory exercise have a rib cage? Explain the importance of a rib cage to respiration b. Which of the animals studied in this laboratory exercise have a diaphragm? Explain the importance of a diaphragm to respiration. 29-20 438 Laboratory 29 The VertebratesExplanation / Answer
8.The membranous covering assosciated with the heart is the serous membrane is refered to as the PERICARDIUM.
9.CLOACA Is the organ which recieves materials from intestine, urinary system and reproductive system in frog.1
10.amniotes are animals which have modified scales on the body and they lay shelled eggs
11.Vertebrates have closed circulatory system in which there is atria,ventricle,lungs,heart and cornoary system
12.Single ventricle is present in the heart of amphibian like frog.
13.Birds are the vertebrates which have airsac attached to the lungs.
14.Kidneys produce urine and also maintain the balance of fluids and salts in the body
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