Heading 2 Natural Sciences & Public Health Department Cotyledons Root apex Shoot

Question

Heading 2 Natural Sciences & Public Health Department Cotyledons Root apex Shoot Micro- Hilum pyle Seed coat Ovary wall Scutellum (coleoptile) Shoot apex Root apex Scutellum Figure 31.14 Seed structure of a garden bean (dicot) and corn (monocot). (a) The two cotyledons in each seed of garden hean (Phaseolus velgaris) absorb the endosperm before germination. (b) Com (Zea mays) has seeds in kenels (grains); the single cotyledon is an endosperm-absorbing structure called a scutellum. Question 1: How are seeds of peas and beans similar? How are they different? glish (US)

Explanation / Answer

1. Beans and peas are pretty much comparable in their herbal and physiological attributes and use, however there are couple of special cases. In this way, it ends up hard to recognize those diverse highlights precisely and separate one from the other. Be that as it may, there are a few contrasts that you can feel and outwardly perceive.

Similarities between beans and peas

There are a lot of likenesses amongst beans and peas. The most critical closeness is that both are beat crops, which have a place with the same leguminasea family. Accordingly, beans and peas indicate pretty much comparative organic highlights. Both product writes do have tremendous varietal distinction. Climbing and dwarf varities are usually distinguished in the two cases. While considering about the nutritious properties of beans and peas, they are made out of proteins, sugars, fat, fiber, vitamins and minerals, with some corresponding contrasts. They contain tanning and phytic corrosive as anti-nutritional factors.

These harvests can be utilized for different agrarian purposes, for example, intercropping, trim revolutions, organic energizes, green excrement, and rhyzobium bio compost. Both plants can self pollinate.

Difference between beans and peas

Beans are classified under various genera of fabaseae family, though the peas generally comprise of seeds and pods of genera Pisum. Development examples of climbing variety beans and peas are not the same. Tendrils (twining structures) are found in pea vines but not in beans, they rather utilize the vine itself to twin around the central support. The greater majority of the peas are consumed in the dried form, while beans are eaten after being prepared along with consumption of their dry seeds.

2. XYLEM AND PHLOEM IN STEMS

Xylem and phloem navigate the entire span of stems in isolated threads called ‘vascular bundles’. In eudicots, vascular bundles are arranged in a circular pattern within the stem. Each vascular bundle is arranged with the xylem on the inside and the phloem on the outside of the xylem.

However in monocots, the vascular bundles are spread out throughout the stem rather than being concentrated circular pattern.

XYLEM AND PHLOEM IN ROOTS

The xylem and phloem grow inside the central segment of the root called a ‘stele’. In eudicots, the xylem forms a mesh of cells contained within the stele which can be seen along the length of the root. Four independent phloem strands develop connecting each bar of the xylem cross.

In monocots, the center of the stele is made up of pith. The phloem and xylem form a frail spherical outline inside the pith of the stele. Phloem and xylem develop around the inner layer of pith with phloem cells surrounding the xylem on the outside.

Vascular bundles from stems assemble at the foundation of the stem to combine with the root stele.

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