Textese is a sound-based form of spelling to reduce the time of text messaging a

Question

Textese is a sound-based form of spelling to reduce the time of text messaging and the number of characters, using textisms such as “2day” for “today.” Educators and parents have long been concerned about the effect of textese on spelling ability. A study of Australian children aged 10–12 considered the effect of text entry method on the spelling subtest of the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT). Multipress is the original entry method in which three or four letters are assigned a key and the key must be pressed one to four times to produce each letter. Predictive is a single key-press per letter with suggested completion of the word. A total of 84 children took the WRAT and were classified according to text entry method usually used: Multipress (27 students), Predictive (45 students), or non-texter (12 students). Step 1: What are the explanatory and response variables? 1. Explanatory 2. Response Enter the number of the term that corresponds to each choice: WRAT Score Text method used Step 2: Is this an observational study or an experiment? Experiment Observational study Step 3: The differences among the three texting methods were not statistically significant. What does no significant difference mean in describing the outcome of this study? “No significant difference” means that the observed differences could be due to chance. There was no systematic difference in spelling ability among the three groups. “No significant difference” means that the observed differences are not due to chance. There was no systematic difference in spelling ability among the three groups. “No significant difference” means that the observed differences are not due to chance. There was systematic difference in spelling ability among the three groups. “No significant difference” means that the observed differences could be due to chance. There was systematic difference in spelling ability among the three groups.

Explanation / Answer

1. A study of Australian children aged 10–12 considered the effect of text entry method on the spelling subtest or spelling ability of the Wide Range Achievement Test (WRAT).

The explanatory variables are text entry method and response variable is the spelling subtest/ spelling ability of the WRAT.

2. This is an observational study as the text entry method was not controlled by the examiner.

3. The differences among the three texting methods were not statistically significant.

This means that  “No significant difference” means that the observed differences could be due to chance. There was no systematic difference in spelling ability among the three groups.

This means that, for the differences to be statistically significant, the probability of the observed difference should be less than the probability set as significance level.

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