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Have you ever noticed, when watching a National Football League (NFL) game, that

ID: 3179548 • Letter: H

Question

Have you ever noticed, when watching a National Football League (NFL) game, that the players spend a lot of time standing around between plays? The following data were collected for a random sample of 12 MFL games.

Minutes standing around between plays

55.10

67.37

69.95

62.78

66.35

58.27

68.37

59.23

66.87

72.05

66.01

74.33

35 Question 3A Does the da te the average time FL players spendstandngaroundbetween plays du gameisdiferentFrom 58.74 minutes ata 0.01? Step2 Hei Hoit r 100 Filin row 110 the hypothesis is two taled The smaller number must be toped. HeieotH, i Step 4 Step H. Step Stop 7: Fil in row 120 ho z tablo is appropriato. P-value ho t table ppropriate. Tholovorb d the upper b 124 P-value Constr 30% infidel terval for the population NFL players spend standing ndbetw play! ng ag 123 Lower Endpoint Upper Endpoin 132 Question3C What would the P-value be were e lower ta hypothesstest? Mathematicalymenpulate the P-velue Frompatt Ato get your answer) 36 if thoz table is appropria thottable ppropriate. The lo he left and the upper bo the right value HWNotes HWExcelDirections HW Texting Unemployed OM P 943 AM 3/21/2017

Explanation / Answer

We shall answer this using the open source statistical package R

Ho : The time spent between plays during a game is not different from 58.74

H1 : The time spent between plays during a game is significantly different from 58.74

so we enter the data in R and run the ttest to see the results

> data <- c(55.1,   67.37,   69.95,   62.78,   66.35,   58.27,   68.37,   59.23,   66.87,   72.05,   66.01,   74.33)
> t.test(data,mu=58.74)

   One Sample t-test

data: data
t = 4.1142, df = 11, p-value = 0.001718 ## denotes the t stat , degrees of freedom and the p value of the hypothesis test
alternative hypothesis: true mean is not equal to 58.74
95 percent confidence interval:
61.90990 69.20343
sample estimates:
mean of x
65.55667

as we see the p value 0.001718 is less than alpha of 0.01 , hence we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that

The time spent between plays during a game is significantly different from 58.74

for the lower tail test

t.test(data,mu=58.74, alternative = "less")

   One Sample t-test

data: data
t = 4.1142, df = 11, p-value = 0.9991 # as p value is greater than 0.01 (alpha) , we fail to reject the null hypothesis
alternative hypothesis: true mean is less than 58.74
95 percent confidence interval:
-Inf 68.53223
sample estimates:
mean of x
65.55667

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