When we use DNA to code for a protein, we call the process Transcription and Tra

Question

When we use DNA to code for a protein, we call the process Transcription and Translation. Below are descriptions of processes that happen when we use DNA to code for a protein. Match the description of each process with the correct term - either Transcription or Translation.

1.A ribosome reads the mRNA and builds a protein from amino acids.
2.A copy is made of a gene in RNA
3.The primary transcript is modified: introns are removed and the transcript gets a cap and a tail
4.tRNA carries amino acids to a ribosome
5.The DNA unwinds, exposing the gene to be copied.

Explanation / Answer

Ans.

Correct options:

#1. Transcription: 5. The DNA unwinds, exposing the gene to be copied.

2. A copy is made of a gene in RNA.

3. The primary transcript is modified: introns are removed and transcript gets a cap and a tail.

Translation: 1. A ribosome reads the mRNA and builds a protein from amino acids.

4. tRNA carries amino acids in ribosomes.

Transcription is the process of formation of RNA from DNA (more specifically, the DNA sequence of a gene). The process takes place in nucleus.

Immature mRNA (pre-mRNA) also undergoes various modifications like 5’ capping, 3’ poly A- tail addition, splicing (removal of introns), etc to produce mature mRNA (simply called- mRNA). Mature mRNA is then transported to the cytoplasm where it is to be translated.

Translation is the process of formation of proteins from mRNA. Mature mRNA, when translocated in the cytoplasm, associates with ribosomes. Ribosome acts the site of translation to which specific tRNA carry specific amino acids. The amino acids coming to ribosome are linked together through peptide bonds. The resultant polymer of amino acids is called polypeptide or protein.

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