Please show me all the answers and steps. 1. People who eat lots of fruits and v

Question

Please show me all the answers and steps.

1. People who eat lots of fruits and vegetables have lower rates of colon cancer than those who eat little of these foods. Fruits and vegetables are rich in "antioxidants" such as vitamins A, C, and E. Will taking antioxidants help prevent colon cancer? A medical experiment studied this question with 864 people who were at risk of colon cancer. The subjects were divided into four groups: daily beta-carotene, daily vitamins C and E, all three vitamins every day, or daily placebo. After four years, the researchers were surprised to find no significant difference in colon cancer among the groups.

(a) What is the treatment and response in this experiment?
Treatment

1.whether or not colon cancer develops

2.whether or not subjects consumed beta-carotene, vitamins C and E or both each day

3.at risk or not of colon cancer

(b) Outline the design of the experiment. Use your judgment in choosing the group sizes. (Select all that apply.)

1. Randomly assign subjects to 4 groups.

2. Randomly assign 2 treatments to 2 groups.

3.Observe eating habits.

4.Randomly assign 4 treatments to 4 groups.

5.Randomly assign 2 treatments to 4 groups.

6.Randomly assign subjects to 2 groups.

7.Observe the occurrence of colon cancer.

(c) The study was double-blind. What do you suppose this means?

1.Neither the subjects nor the researchers who examined them knew who was getting which treatment.
2.Neither the subjects nor the researchers who examined them knew how they were randomized.
3.Only blind subjects were used to avoid confounding of sight.
4.The subject did not know which treatment they were receiving.

Explanation / Answer

Part-a

2.whether or not subjects consumed beta-carotene, vitamins C and E or both each day

Part-b

1. Randomly assign subjects to 4 groups.

3.Observe eating habits.

7.Observe the occurrence of colon cancer.

Part-c

1.Neither the subjects nor the researchers who examined them knew who was getting which treatment.

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