27. True or False: Comparing RRCrude (1.32) to RRCMH (1.87), sex does not appear

Question

27. True or False: Comparing RRCrude (1.32) to RRCMH (1.87), sex does not appear to be a confounder.

Patients with heart failure, diabetes, cancer, and lung disease who have various infections from gram negative organisms often receive aminoglycosides. One of the side effects of aminoglycosides is nephrotoxicity (possible damage to the kidney). A study was performed comparing the nephrotoxicity (rise in serum creatinine of at least 0.5 mg/dL) for the aminoglycoside gentamicin. The following results were obtained: No rise in serum creatinine Rise in serum creatinine (s 0.5) (20.5) Gentamicin (G) 34 No Gentamicin (G) 15 Test the hypotheses that there is a significant relationship between g and nephrotoxicity using a chi-square test with alpha 5%.

Explanation / Answer

H0: There is no significance difference between gentamicin and nephrotoxicity

H1: There is significance difference between gentamicin and nephrotoxicity

Let the los be alpha = 0.05

The observed frequencies are

The chisquare contributions are

Test Statistic, X^2: 1.1538
Critical X^2: 3.841456
P-Value: 0.2828

Degrees of freedom: 1

Here chisquare value < Chisquare critical value and P value > alpha 0.05, So we reject H0

Thus we conclude that there is no significance difference between gentamicin and nephrotoxicity

Rise No Rise Total Gentamicin 30.891 85.109 116 No Gentamicin 18.109 49.891 68 Total 49 135 184

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