Various supervisors in the city government of Shinbone, Kansas, have been rated
ID: 3244031 • Letter: V
Question
Various supervisors in the city government of Shinbone, Kansas, have been rated on the extent to which they practice authoritarian styles of leadership and decision making. The efficiency of each department has also been rated, and the results are summarized in the following table. Use column percentages (see page 258 for a review of column percentages), the maximum difference, and measures of association to describe the strength and pattern of this association. Once you have considered and described the association, then choose the best answer or answers below.
SELECT 4 ANSWERS BELOW THAT ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING:
Do the conditional distributions change and what does that imply?
What is the strength of the relationship between these two variables?
Efficiency decreases as authoritarianism _______ (increases or decreases)?
People with more authoritarian bosses are _____ (more or less) productive?
Authoritarianism
(a.) The conditional distributions do not change, so there is not a relationship between the variables.
(b.) The conditional distributions change, so there is a relationship between the variables.
The relationship between these variables is strong.
The relationship between these variables is moderate.
The relationship between these variables is weak.
Efficiency decreases as authoritarianism decreases.
Efficiency decreases as authoritarianism increases.
(h.)People with more authoritarian bosses are more productive.
People with more authoritarian bosses are less productive.
Efficiency Low High Totals Low 10 12 22 High 17 5 22 Totals 27 17 44Explanation / Answer
Answer:
Various supervisors in the city government of Shinbone, Kansas, have been rated on the extent to which they practice authoritarian styles of leadership and decision making. The efficiency of each department has also been rated, and the results are summarized in the following table. Use column percentages (see page 258 for a review of column percentages), the maximum difference, and measures of association to describe the strength and pattern of this association. Once you have considered and described the association, then choose the best answer or answers below.
SELECT 4 ANSWERS BELOW THAT ADDRESS THE FOLLOWING:
Do the conditional distributions change and what does that imply?
What is the strength of the relationship between these two variables?
Efficiency decreases as authoritarianism _______ (increases or decreases)?
People with more authoritarian bosses are _____ (more or less) productive?
Authoritarianism
Efficiency
Low
High
Totals
Low
10
12
22
High
17
5
22
Totals
27
17
44
(a.) The conditional distributions do not change, so there is not a relationship between the variables.
Answer:
(b.) The conditional distributions change, so there is a relationship between the variables.
(c.)
The relationship between these variables is strong.
(d.)
Answer:
The relationship between these variables is moderate.
(e.)
The relationship between these variables is weak.
(f.)
Efficiency decreases as authoritarianism decreases.
(g.)
Answer:
Efficiency decreases as authoritarianism increases.
(h.)People with more authoritarian bosses are more productive.
People with more authoritarian bosses are less productive.
Low
High
Total
Low
Observed
10
12
22
% of column
37.0%
70.6%
50.0%
High
Observed
17
5
22
% of column
63.0%
29.4%
50.0%
Total
Observed
27
17
44
% of column
100.0%
100.0%
100.0%
4.70
chi-square
1
df
.0302
p-value
.327
Phi coefficient
.311
Coefficient of Contingency
Efficiency
Low
High
Totals
Low
10
12
22
High
17
5
22
Totals
27
17
44
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