What is the critical value? A case-control (or retrospective) study was conducte

Question

What is the critical value?

A case-control (or retrospective) study was conducted to investigate a relationship between the colors of helmets worn by motorcycle drivers and whether they are injured or killed in a crash. Results are given in the accompanying table. Using a 0.01 significance level, test the dam that injuries are independent of helmet color. Identify the null and alternative hypotheses. Choose the correct answer below. H_0: injuries and helmet color are dependent H_1: injuries and helmet color are independent H_0: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are dependent H_1: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are independent H_0: injuries and helmet color are independent H_1 injuries and helmet color are dependent H_0: injuries and helmet color are independent H_1: injuries and helmet color are dependent Compute the test statistic 8 (Round to three decimal places as needed.) Find the critical value(s). ________ (Round to three decimal places as needed Use a comma to separate answers as needed.)

Explanation / Answer

test statistic =8.442

critical value =13.277

fail to reject ,....there is not ..........it does not appear

Observed O black white yellow red blue Total controls 493 341 32 167 79 1112 cases 209 105 8 69 39 430 Total 702 446 40 236 118 1542 Expected E=rowtotal*column total/grand total black white yellow red blue Total controls 506.241 321.629 28.846 170.189 85.095 1112 cases 195.759 124.371 11.154 65.811 32.905 430 Total 702 446 40 236 118 1542 chi square =(O-E)^2/E black white yellow red blue Total controls 0.346 1.1667 0.3449 0.0598 0.4365 2.354 cases 0.896 3.017 0.892 0.155 1.129 6.088 Total 1.242 4.184 1.237 0.214 1.565 8.4424

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