Calculate category statistics: Autism is a disability that is characterized by a

Question

Calculate category statistics: Autism is a disability that is characterized by a severely decreased ability to engage in communication and social interaction. A study was undertaken to establish the prevalence of Autism in a community. Data from this study are reported below: a. Calculate the prevalence rate of autism for the two age categories. b. Calculate the prevalence to a rate per 1, 000. Complete the following calculations and provide an explanation of your findings: A study of hypertension begins with 1, 000 men (ages 40-45). Of the 1, 000 men, 50 are already hypertensive. The remaining 950 are tracked over the span of five years, during which time 64 additional men develop hypertension. (Assume there is no loss to follow- up or death due to competing risks). 1. Determine the prevalence of hypertension at the beginning of the study. 2. Calculate the five-year incidence proportion (risk) of hypertension. 3. Calculate the incidence rate of hypertension in the cohort with and without an actuarial adjustment. Did the actuarial adjustment make a difference? Explain your answer.

Explanation / Answer

Q.8

(a) Prevalence Rate of Autism for age-group 3-5:

=193,479 / Population of children in age group 3-5

Prevalence Rate of Autism for age-group 6-10:

=175,417/ Population of children in age group 6-10

(b) Prevalence to a rate per 1000:

Age group 3-5: (193,479/Population size of 3-5 age group )*1000

Age group 6-10: (175,417/Population size of 6-10 age group )*1000

Q.9

(a) Prevalence of Hypertension at the beginning of study

= existing hypertension cases / total population

=50/1000 = 0.05

(b) 5-Year incidence proportion of hypertension

= new incidences in 5-years/ total initial population

= 64/1000 = 0.064

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