Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the

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Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the United States, there is a strong relationship between education and smoking: well-educated people are less likely to smoke. Does a similar relationship hold in France? Here is a two-way table of the level of education and smoking status (nonsmoker, former smoker, moderate smoker, heavy smoker) of a sample of 458 French men aged 20 to 60 years. The subjects are a random sample of men who visited a health center for a routine checkup. We are willing to consider them an SRS of men from their region of France. The null hypothesis state that there is no relationship between these variables. That is, the distribution of smoking is the same for three levels of education. (a) Find the expected counts for each smoking status among men with a university education. This is one row of the two-way table of expected counts. Find the row total and verify that it agrees with the row total for the observed counts. We conjecture that men with a university education smoke less than the null hypothesis calls for: How does comparing the observed and expected counts in this row confirm this conjecture? Select all that apply. The nonsmoker count is lower than expected. The heavy-smoker count is more than expected. The heavy-smoker count is more than expected. The nonsmoker count is higher than expected.

Explanation / Answer

here total are :

for example for university and Non smoker cell expected count =row total*column total/grand total150*134/458=43.89

hence resultant table is :

below option are correct:

heavy smoker count is less then expected

the non smoker count is higher than expected.

Observed O non smoker former Moderate heavy Total primary 56 52 43 38 189 secondary 39 41 25 30 135 university 55 26 38 15 134 Total 150 119 106 83 458

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Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the

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Smoking remains more common in much of Europe than in the United States. In the

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