Read the passage and then choose the best answer for the following two questions
ID: 3293856 • Letter: R
Question
Read the passage and then choose the best answer for the following two questions:
Researchers are running a prospective study to determine whether replacing sugar with stevia can help prevent tooth decay. The study contains two experimental and two control groups. The first experimental group contained 1,000 people whose consumption of stevia was deemed high and the second contained 1,000 people whose consumption of stevia was deemed moderate. The first control group contained 1,000 people who were randomly selected from those who did not consume stevia but whose sugar consumption was deemed high. The second contained 1,000 people who were randomly selected from those did not consume stevia but whose sugar consumption was deemed moderate.
Based solely on the information in the paragraph, we can reasonably infer that the people in the two experimental groups:
were randomly selected by the experimenter.
were not randomly selected by the experimenter.
The passage does not provide enough information to determine whether the participants in the experimental groups were randomly selected by the experimenter.
Which of the following is the best assessment of the study’s design:
What we are told about the study’s design provides no reason to think the study was poorly designed.
The study’s design is to be criticized for the way it randomly selected the people in the control groups.
The study’s design is to be criticized for having two experimental groups.
The study’s design is to be criticized for having two control groups.
Explanation / Answer
Based solely on the information in the paragraph, we can reasonably infer that the people in the two experimental groups:
were not randomly selected by the experimenter.
Because the people were not selected randomly but by the criteria that consumption of stevia was deemed high or moderate.
Which of the following is the best assessment of the study’s design:
The study’s design is to be criticized for the way it randomly selected the people in the control groups.
Because the people were randomly selected only from the group who did not consume stevia but whose sugar consumption was deemed high or from the group who did not consume stevia but whose sugar consumption was deemed moderate.
Instead of this, the people should be randomly selected irrespective of their consumption level of stevia or sugar.
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