Researchers are designing a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test a new trea

Question

Researchers are designing a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to test a new treatment for Disease X. They are concerned that smoking could be an important confounder in their RCT, but they may not have a large enough study population to ensure that smoking status is balanced between the intervention and control conditions when they randomize their study population. What else can the investigators do to avoid confounding at the design stage of the study?

a. Match participants on smoking status and then randomize within matched pairs.

b. Develop a protocol to help assure that the loss to follow-up is less than 10%.

c. Compare the crude rate to the smoking-adjusted rate when the study is completed.

d. Compare their crude rate to the smoking-adjusted rate when the study is completed to assess for interaction.

Explanation / Answer

Another way to address confounding is to employ multivariable analysis methods to adjust for the effects of confounders.

So answer is

d. Compare their crude rate to the smoking-adjusted rate when the study is completed to assess for interaction.

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