use permutation test to find the answer< Is there a significant difference in th
ID: 3329185 • Letter: U
Question
use permutation test to find the answer< Is there a significant difference in the rate of murders?> Please provide R code for me. Thank!
Boroughs
Number of murders
Population
a
2
158,251
b
4
160,436
c
12
240,499
d
13
200,543
e
14
232,774
f
14
237,927
g
14
281,395
l
14
191,123
m
15
254927
n
17
182,445
o
19
310,554
p
20
187,029
q
21
275499
w
23
219,582
t
24
357,538
y
24
220,087
z
26
307,710
nn
31
313,935
nm
31
206,285
mn
32
312,245
ab
32
256,012
ba
32
259,742
ed
33
255,483
de
34
339,314
sa
36
255,540
as
36
276,938
cr
38
364,815
rc
42
247,182
sw
49
288,717
ws
56
310,460
tr
79
304,481
Boroughs
Number of murders
Population
a
2
158,251
b
4
160,436
c
12
240,499
d
13
200,543
e
14
232,774
f
14
237,927
g
14
281,395
l
14
191,123
m
15
254927
n
17
182,445
o
19
310,554
p
20
187,029
q
21
275499
w
23
219,582
t
24
357,538
y
24
220,087
z
26
307,710
nn
31
313,935
nm
31
206,285
mn
32
312,245
ab
32
256,012
ba
32
259,742
ed
33
255,483
de
34
339,314
sa
36
255,540
as
36
276,938
cr
38
364,815
rc
42
247,182
sw
49
288,717
ws
56
310,460
tr
79
304,481
Explanation / Answer
n_murders <-c(2,4,12,13,14,14,14,14,15,17,19,20,21,23,24,24,26,31,31,32,32,32,33,34,36,36,38,42,49,56,79)
population <- c(158251,160436,240499,200543,232774,237927,281395,191123,254927,182445,310554,187029,275499,219582,357538,220087,307710,313935,206285,312245,256012,259742,255483,339314,255540,276938,364815,247182,288717,310460,304461)
install.packages("coin")
library(coin)
DV <- c(n_murders,population)
IV <- factor(rep(c("A", "B"), c(length(n_murders), length(population))))
library(coin)
pvalue(oneway_test(DV ~ IV, alternative="greater",distribution=approximate(B=9999)))
[1] 1
99 percent confidence interval:
0.9994703 1.0000000
install.packages("perm")
library(perm)
permTS(DV ~ IV, alternative="greater", method="exact.mc",control=permControl(nmc=10^4-1))$p.value
[1] 1
# Both Permutaion Package tests produce a p-value of 1 which is greater than 0.05. Hence reject the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in rate of murders.
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