In what ways do advertisers in magazines use sexual imagery to appeal to youth?

Question

In what ways do advertisers in magazines use sexual imagery to appeal to youth? One study classified each of 1500 full-page or larger ads as "not sexual" or "sexual," according to the amount and style of the dress of the male or female model in the ad. The ads were also classified according to the age group of the intended readership. Here is a summary of the data.

Perform the significance test that compares the model dress for the age groups of magazine readership. Summarize the results of your test. (Use = 0.05. Round your 2 to three decimal places and round your P-value to four decimal places.)

Magazine readership age group Model dress Young adult Mature adult Not sexual (percent) 72.8% 75.6% Sexual (percent) 27.2% 24.4% Number of ads 1000 500

Explanation / Answer

Given table data is as below

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calculation formula for E table matrix

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expected frequecies calculated by applying E - table matrix formulae

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calculate chisquare test statistic using given observed frequencies, calculated expected frequencies from above

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set up null vs alternative as

null, Ho: no relation b/w X and Y OR X and Y are independent

alternative, H1: exists a relation b/w X and Y OR X and Y are dependent

level of significance, = 0.05

from standard normal table, chi square value at right tailed, ^2 /2 =3.8415

since our test is right tailed,reject Ho when ^2 o > 3.8415

we use test statistic ^2 o = (Oi-Ei)^2/Ei

from the table , ^2 o = 0.2048

critical value

the value of |^2 | at los 0.05 with d.f (r-1)(c-1)= ( 2 -1 ) * ( 2 - 1 ) = 1 * 1 = 1 is 3.8415

we got | ^2| =0.2048 & | ^2 | =3.8415

make decision

hence value of | ^2 o | < | ^2 | and here we do not reject Ho

^2 p_value =0.6509

ANSWERS

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null, Ho: no relation b/w X and Y OR X and Y are independent

alternative, H1: exists a relation b/w X and Y OR X and Y are dependent

test statistic: 0.2048

critical value: 3.8415

p-value:0.6509

decision: do not reject Ho

col1 col2 TOTALS 72.8 75.6 148.4 27.2 24.4 51.6 100 100 N = 200

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