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a hypothesis test is a comparison of before and after data on a group of student

ID: 3360648 • Letter: A

Question

a hypothesis test is a comparison of before and after data on a group of students who received training to improve their grades in statistics. Their pre- and post- scores on a statistics test are given below.

            ID         Before After

            1                      65                                75

            2                      70                                78

            3                      80                                78

            4                      54                                67

            5                      62                                61

            6                      77                                77

            7                      74                                81

            8                      83                                86

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean

N

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

Pair 1

Before

70.6250

8

9.82617

3.47407

After

75.3750

8

7.90908

2.79628

Paired Samples Correlations

N

Correlation

Sig.

Pair 1

Before & After

8

.826

.012

Paired Samples Test

Paired Differences

t

df

Sig. (2-tailed)

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

95% Confidence Interval of the Difference

Lower

Upper

Pair 1

Before - After

-4.75000

5.54849

1.96169

-9.38865

-.11135

-2.421

7

.046

(13) What type of t test (one sample, two independent samples, or paired samples) is appropriate for this comparison? Is it a one-tailed or a two-tailed test?

(14) What are the null and alternative hypotheses?

(15) What are the n, the mean and standard deviation before training, and the mean and standard deviation after training? What do these results suggest about the effect of the training?

(16) What is the result of the t-test? Is it statistically significant at .05? (How will you need to adjust the p-value to your output?) What do you conclude about the original hypothesis?

(17) What does the 95% Confidence Interval estimate show about the mean difference in test scores before and after training? In what way is it consistent with the result of the hypothesis test?

Paired Samples Statistics

Mean

N

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

Pair 1

Before

70.6250

8

9.82617

3.47407

After

75.3750

8

7.90908

2.79628

Explanation / Answer

13) It is a paired 2 sample t test

It is a two tailed test.

14)

Null: Before and after training scores are same

Alt: Before and after training scores are different

15) Before:

Before

70.6250

8

9.82617

n = 8, mean = 70.625, SD = 9.82617

After:

After

75.3750

8

7.90908

16) p value from t test = 0.046

p < alpha (0.05)

Thus, null is rejected

Which means before and after training scores are different.

17) If repeated samples were taken and the 95% confidence interval was computed for each sample, 95% of the intervals would contain the population mean. A 95%confidence interval has a 0.95 probability of containing the population mean. 95% of the population distribution is contained in the confidence interval.

Interval does not contain 0, thus null is rejected ansd we can say that means before and after training scores are different.

Before

70.6250

8

9.82617

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