The drug AZT was the first drug that seemed effective in delaying the onset of A

Question

The drug AZT was the first drug that seemed effective in delaying the onset of AIDS in HIV positive patients. Evidence for AZT’s effectiveness came from a large randomized

comparative experiment. The subjects were 1300 HIV-positive volunteers who had not yet developed AIDS. The study assigned 435 of the subjects at random to take 500 milligrams of

AZT each day, and another 435 to take a placebo. (The others were assigned to a higher dose of AZT, but we will compare only the first two groups.) At the end of the study, 38 of the

placebo subjects and 17 of the AZT subjects had developed AIDS. We want to test the claim that taking AZT lowers the proportion of infected people who will develop AIDS in a given

period of time.

(a)State the hypotheses and check that you can safely use the z procedures.

(z procedures: Procedures for statistical inference that start with the one-sample z statistic and

use the standard Normal distribution.)

(b)How significant is the evidence that AZT is effective?

Explanation / Answer

a) A null hypothesis is a hypothesis that says there is no statistical significance between the two variables. It is usually the hypothesis a researcher or experimenter will try to disprove or discredit. Analternative hypothesis is one that states there is a statistically significant relationship between two variables.

Null: Taking AZT increases the proportion of infected people who will develop AIDS in a given period of time.

Alt: Taking AZT lowers the proportion of infected people who will develop AIDS in a given period of time.

b) the significance level is set at 0.01

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