Do children diagnosed with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have

Question

Do children diagnosed with attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have smaller brains than children without this condition? Researchers investigated this question by taking brain scans for 152 children diagnosed with ADHD and 139 children of similar age without ADHD. Summary information for total cerebral volume (in millimeters) is given below: Children with ADHD Children without ADHD 152 1059.4 117.5 139 1104.5 111.3 Suppose a 95% confidence interval for the difference in population means (children without ADHD-children with ADHD) is (18.54 ml, 71.66 ml). Which of the following is a correct interpretation of this confidence interval? We're 95% confident that all children without ADHD will have between 18.54 ml and 71.66 ml more total cerebral volume than all children with ADHD. We're 95% confident that children without ADHD in this sample will have between 18.54 ml and 71.66 ml more total cerebral volume than children with ADHD in this sample. 95% of all children without ADHD will have total cerebral volume between 18.54 ml and 71.66 ml more than children with ADHD We're 95% confident that the average total cerebral volume will be between 18.54 ml and 71.66 ml higher for children with ADHD than children without ADHD. We're 95% confident that the average total cerebral volume will be between 18.54 ml and 71.66 ml higher for children without ADHD than children with ADHD.

Explanation / Answer

The correct interpretation is:

95% of all children without ADHD will have total cerebral volume between 18.54 ml and 71.66 ml more than children with ADHD.

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