What is the answer to number 1? When comparisons such as this one are extended,

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What is the answer to number 1?

When comparisons such as this one are extended, they become analogies - ways of understanding unfamiliar ideas by comparing them with something that's better known (see p. 68). But useful as such comparisons are, they may prove false if either taken on their own and pushed too far, or taken too seriously. At this point, they turn into faulty analogies—inaccurate or inconsequential comparisons between objects or concepts. Economist Paul Krugman provides an eye-opening analysis of a familiar but, as he sees it, false analogy between personal and gov- ernment debt: Deficit-worriers portray a future in which we're impoverished by the need to pay back money we've been borrowing. They see America as being like a family that took out too large a mortgage, and will have a hard time making the monthly payments. This is, however, a really bad analogy in at least two ways. First, families have to pay back their debt. Governments don't—all they need to do is ensure that debt grows more slowly than their tax base. The debt from World War II was never repaid; it just became increasingly irrelevant as the U.S. economy grew, and with it the income subject to taxation. Second and this is the point almost nobody seems to get-an overborrowed family owes money to someone else; U.S. debt is, to a large extent, money we owe to ourselves. Whether you agree with the Nobel laureate or not, his explanation offers insight into how analogies work (or fail) and how to think about them critically. RESPOND. 1. Examine each of the following political slogans or phrases for logical fallacies. "Resistance is futile." (Borg message on Star Trek: The Next Generation) "It's the economy, stupid." (sign on the wall at Bill Clinton's campaign headquarters) "Make love, not war." (antiwar slogan popularized during the Vietnam War) "A chicken in every pot." (campaign slogan) "Guns don't kill, people do." (NRA slogan)

Explanation / Answer

1)Resistance is futile-This sentence was mentioned in Star trek series which depicted the conversion of humans to robots with embedded chips inside them using artificial intelligence. The logical fallacy is the error in the interpretation of the cause and effect of a situation. The logical fallacy in this statement is that the humans will be converted to robots is false as every human cannot be converted into a robot with embedded chips and use of artificial intelligence. The advancement of the technology had led to the development of the robots so humans should be converted to robots with artificial intelligence is the sentence with logical fallacy.

2)Its the economy stupid--sign on the wall of Bill clinton campaign headquarters--The president talked about the loss and debt in the american economy with lack of jobs for four years, thus the economy is stupid and the country has failed. The logical fallacy in the statement is that due to the loss and debt in a particulat situation, the whole country cannot fail in every business opportunity.

3)Make love not war--Vietnam war--The chinese invasion of vietnam, north and south korea led USA to intervene in the policies of these island countries. There were communist riots in vietnam, north and south korea which led to the mass killing of people and division of the political system into communist and noncommunist according to the race prevalent in the country. The logical fallacy is this statement is that the island nation should live together with China according to the "Domino effect" as it cannot survive in adversity ,and communal crisis. The people should love each other in china, vietnam, north korea and south korea and should live together is the logical fallacy.

4)A chicken in every pot--It was a part of the slogan in 1928 campaign called as the chicken in every pot and a car in every garage by the president of USA Herbert Hoover is logical fallacy in false analogy comparison which means providing incentives to every individual for the efficient functioning of the system and society, so every citizen should buy cars and chickens and invest in business for the efficient working of the economy and society. This is the logical fallacy.

5)Guns don't kill people do--It is a saying which shows the extent of criminal activity in the society with murder, rape, shooting with guns and knives. The humans have developed knives and manufactured guns and bullets so people are reponsible for crime and people kill , guns do not kill is the logical fallacy in the statement.

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