Case 1 Kindra, a 19-year-old college student, gave birth to a new daughter six m

Question

Case 1 Kindra, a 19-year-old college student, gave birth to a new daughter six months ago. She named her daughter Tanya, and from all reports, Tanya is a wonderful child. During the day, she is a playful, happy baby who only cries when she is hungry or when her diaper is dirty. At bedtime, however, Tanya has turned into a terror. Here is how Kindra explains it "I remember the first night she cried. It was about a month ago, and she was crying in her room. She had messed her diaper, so I cleaned her up and rocked her to sleep. I didn't think anything else of it The very next night, she began to cry again. This time, her diaper was not messed, and I couldn't find anything else wrong. But she was so cute that I just had to rock her to sleep. From that night on, Tanya would cry every time I laid her down. Sometimes I would just let her cry it out, but after 10 or 15 minutes, I finally went in and rocked her to sleep." 1. According to a behaviorist, what probably caused this situation? 2. What should Kindra do to resolve it? Case 2 Mr and Mrs. Vaughn are very busy people, but they recently took time away from their work schedule to talk with their psychologist about thoir 9-year-old son Herb. Here is their story Herb used to be very nice little boy. He understood that his mother and I were very busy people, and when he wanted something from us, he knew to ask quietly, we would help him get to it when we coul But now when he wants something, he just yells at us." According to a behaviorist, what probably caused this situation? What should the Vaughns do to resolve it

Explanation / Answer

Case 1: According to behaviorist, Tanya has learned the pattern that everytime her mother laid her down to sleep, mother is going to leave her. Tanya has associated the moment of going to sleep as a time when her mother leaves her. That is why she cries. This association of two events is called as classical conditioning. Inorder to resolve this issue, Kindra should rock her baby on other times as well. That way baby will start to understand that her mother is going to stay with her even after her sleep.

Case 2: According to a behaviorist, it is the learning pattern called operant conditioning that hah happened with Herb. He understood the pattern that his parents are going to give whatever he asks for irrespective of the way he asks. Inorder to resolve this issue, Vaughns should treat Herb with some negative reinforcement so that he would change his habit.

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