20. Albert Bandura\'s Bobo doll experiment demonstrated the phenomenon of: a. St
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20. Albert Bandura's Bobo doll experiment demonstrated the phenomenon of: a. Stimulus generalization b. Operant conditioning C. Classical conditioning d. Observational learning 21. If you study in the same room in which you take an exam, you will probably do better on the exam than if you had studied somewhere else. This outcome occurs because of memory. a. context-dependent b. state-dependent c. Working d. Sensory _ 22. Your memory of your high school graduation day is an example of a(n): Cepisodic memory. a procedural memory. d. semantic memory. b. short-term memory. 23. When you remember factual Information by relating it to something personal memory to aid retrieval from that happened to you, you are using your your- memory. c episodic, semantic 2. implidt; explicit d. explicit; implicit b. semantic, episodic 24. People find it very easy to put on a button-down shirt but much harder to list the steps involved in putting on that shirt. This difference suggests that __ memory is more useful in getting dressed than__ memory. c episodic, semantic 2. declarative; procedural d. semantic, episodic b. procedural; declarativeExplanation / Answer
20. d. Observational learning
Explanation- Albert Bandura’s Bobo doll experiment involved the exposure of the participants (divided into two groups) to videos, one of which showed others displaying aggressive behaviour towards a Bobo doll (to one group), whereas the other one showed no aggression towards it at all (shown to the other group). There was a control group as well where no video was shown. The groups were assessed by exposing each participant to a room full of toys (aggressive and non-aggressive kind, and a Bobo doll) and by observing their behaviour. It was concluded that participants who were shown the aggressive video responded aggressively to the Bobo doll themselves more, as compared to those who were shown the non-violent video and those who belonged to the controlled group. Observational learning thus gained a new perspective in the field of psychology.
21. a. Context-dependent memory
Explanation- Context-dependent memory refers to the phenomenon where recall is more effective when the context or situation of encoding is the same as that of recall, as given in the present condition.
22. c. Episodic memory
Explanation- Episodic memory contains information pertaining to episodes or time-bound incidents in a person’s life. High school graduation day marks such a particular episode in the life of an individual. Thus all information that is stored with respect to that day (or any other day or situation) would imply the significance of episodic memory.
23. c. Episodic; Semantic
Explanation- Here I am trying to remember factual information (semantic memory) by relating it to some incident that has happened in my life (episodic memory). Thus, my episodic memory is facilitating or aiding the retrieval from semantic memory.
24. b. Procedural; Declarative
Explanation- Procedural memory is significant for performing any task since it stores the information relating to the know-how of an activity. Putting on a shirt is one such activity. Writing down or listing the steps on the other hand, would imply declarative memory which refers to explicitly stating a fact or information. Thus as per the question, procedural memory is more useful in getting dressed as compared to declarative memory.
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