HELPFUL INFO----- Appeal to Pity Brings up sad things Intends to evoke pity Moti

Question

HELPFUL INFO-----

Appeal to Pity

Brings up sad things

Intends to evoke pity

Motivates psychologically to accept a conclusion

The sad things are irrelevant to the conclusion

Appeal to Fear (including force)

Brings up scary things

Intends to evoke fear

Motivates psychologically to accept a conclusion

The scary things are irrelevant to the conclusion

Appeal to the People

Encourages audience to accept what others believe

Uses peer pressure to influence

Inclusivist peer pressure or

Exclusivist peer pressure

Not claimed that the peer group has any special expertise

Ad Hominem*

Responding to another, opposing argument, or testimony

Brings up negatives or perceived negatives about the opponent, commonly one of the following:

Abusive (negative character traits)

Circumstantial (motives to argue for the conclusion, predispositions to argue for the conclusion)

Tu Quoque (hypocrisy on behalf of the opponent)

NOT a case of legitimately undermining testimony

Straw Man*

Responds to another, opposing, argument or claim

Misrepresents the opposing view, and then pretends to defeat that view.

May be relevant to, even defeat, some similar sounding, or related, possibly more general, view.

Accident

Appeals to a general rule or principle

The rule or principle is not absolute (There are exceptions.)

Applied to an exceptional case

Arguer acts as if either (a) the rule is absolute or (b) the case is typical.

Red Herring

Premises are not logically relevant to the conclusion

It is NOT one of the other fallacies of relevance

The psychological impetus for accepting the conclusion is distraction, often by a similar sounding, or related, possibly more general, conclusion.

Sometimes this fallacy is said to occur when one gives arguments about a subject that is irrelevant to the established discussion, whether those arguments themselves are fallacious or not.

QUESTION 13 Most people prefer Lucky Strike cigarettes. That shows you that they re fresher, cleaner, and better tasting! O Appeal to Pity O Appeal to Fer(including force) O Appeal to the People Ad Hominem Red Herring O No Falacy QUESTION 14 There are those who argue that we need to invest in more technology for public schools. But the problem is the teacher to student ratio. Many teachers are dealing with hundreds of students each week, resulting in inadequate attention to each individual student Appeal to Pity o Appeal to (ncluding force) O Appeal to the People O Ad Hominem O Red Herring O No Falacy QUESTION 15 Imagine being devoured by a shark while swimming in an ocean or a lake near you. You would be painfully torn limb from limb while yourloved ones watch helplessly from a few feet away. Surely shark attacks are a grave problem. I think it would be best to avoid swimming until these primitive creatures are eliminated. O Appeal to Pity O Appeal to Fear including force) Appeal to the People O Ad Hominem Strawman O Red Herring No Falacy

Explanation / Answer

13.Appeal to the People as it Encourages audience to accept what others believe and shows peer pressure

14. Ad Hominem as it is Responding to another, opposing argument, or testimony

15. appeal to fear as it evokes fear and brings up scary things

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