Giving Comment for following information Biologically oriented psychologists stu

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Giving Comment for following information Biologically oriented psychologists study genes and hormones, believe the chemicals in the brain affect behavior. Therefore they would explain the phenomenon of taste aversion to the term biological preparedness. The idea that people and animals are inherently inclined to form associations between certain stimuli and responses. An evolutionary psychologist explains useful mental and psychological traits as the functional products of natural selection. Traits such as memory, perception, and language. Evolutionary psychologists would explain taste aversion as when eating a substance one becomes i therefore avoids consuming the "poisonous" substance

Explanation / Answer

Biological preparedness is the idea that people and animals are inherently inclined to form associations between certain stimuli and responses. This concept plays an important role in learning, particularly in understanding the classical conditioning process. Some associations form easily because we are predisposed to form such connections, while other associations are much more difficult to form because we are not naturally predisposed to form them. For example, it has been suggested that biological preparedness explains why certain types of phobias tend to form more easily. We tend to develop a fear of things that may pose a threat to our survival, such as heights, spiders, and snakes. Those who learned to fear such dangers more readily were more likely to survive and reproduce. In a similar way we also form taste aversions,when sometimes a particular food makes you feel sick and chances are that we avoid that food in the future.This is also explained by biological preparedness,people and animals are innately predisposed to form associations between tastes and illness,this is because of survival mechanisms of our ancestors which have been passed to us through evolution. Species that readily form such associations between food and illness are more likely to avoid those foods again in the future, thus ensuring their chances for survival and the likelihood that they will reproduce. Biological preparedness makes it so that people tend to form fear associations with these threatening options. Because of that fear, people tend to avoid those possible dangers, making it more likely that they will survive. Since these people are more likely to survive, they are also more likely to have children and pass down the genes that contribute to such fear responses. The Evolutionary Explanation can also explain our food dislikes through the Taste Aversion Theory. Garcia et al 1955 gave rats Saccharin, then immediately after made them ill from radiation. The rats developed a taste aversion to Saccharin because they associated it with becoming ill. This mechanism would have been advantageous in the EEA if we ate something poisonous and survived, as it would enhance our survival if we learnt to avoid it in the future. Evolutionary psychology is focused on how evolution has shaped the mind and behavior.Evolutionary Psychology proposes that the human brain comprises many functional mechanisms, called psychological adaptations or evolved cognitive mechanisms designed by the process of natural selection. Examples include language acquisition modules, incest avoidance mechanisms, cheater detection mechanisms, intelligence and sex-specific mating preferences, foraging mechanisms, alliance-tracking mechanisms, agent detection mechanisms, and so on. An adaptation is a trait that developed in the course of evolution as a result of the mechanism of natural or sexual selection. These adaptations are transmitted genetically and can be anatomical or psychological. In the case of psychological adaptations, the selected genes help to form specific circuits in the brain. Thus the behaviours contributing to the most to successful reproduction will be selected. It is of interest that Darwin himself wrote about evolutionary psychology in that he suggested that like any other trait, human mental faculties are the outcome of evolution by natural and sexual selection and suggested these mental faculties should be understood in light of common descent

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