Regarding the steps involved in sound transduction. Describe which specific next

Question

Regarding the steps involved in sound transduction. Describe which specific next step in the process of sound transduction is interrupted for each of the following causes of hearing loss in the table below. An example of the first answer has been provided. Please complete the rest of the table.

Cause of hearing loss or distortion Next step in sound transduction process that is disrupted (2 pts each) Otosclerosis, a condition in which the Transmission of sound waves from the ossicles to the oval ossicles of the middle ear become window. immobile because of growth of the surfounding bone Acoustic trauma (injury caused by loud noise) to the hair cells Blockage of the outer ear (by wax) Ménière's disease (hint see the running problem in Silverthorn!) Viral infections of the auditory nerve (such as mumps and rubella) Brain tumor or stroke

Explanation / Answer

Acoustic trauma – here inner hair cells and outer hair cells damage, inner hair cells serve as primary transducer and more than 90% of the auditory afferent nerve fibers innervate here. Loss of Outer hair cells cause decrease in sound sensitivity.

The correct filling is- transmission of hair cells to the brain gets damage.

Blockage of outer air- Disrupts transmission of sound waves from outer ear to inner ear.

Ménière’s disease- Disrupts transmission of sound waves within the labyrinth and to the brain.

Viral infection of the auditory nerve- disrupts in transmission of sound signals to the brain and can cause hearing loss.

Brain tumor or stroke- can cause disruption in transmission of sound signals through cochlear nerve to the brain.

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