Chapter 4: Tissues 1. Epithelial tissue a. List several structural and functiona

ID: 3474985 • Letter: C

Question

Chapter 4: Tissues 1. Epithelial tissue a. List several structural and functional characteristics of epithelial tissuc. b. Name, classify, and describe the various types of epithelia, and indicate their chief function(s) and location(s). c. Define gland. d. Differentiate between exocrine and endocrine glands, and between multicellular and unicellalar glands e Describe how multicellular exocrine glands are classified structurally and functionally 2. Connective tissue a. Indicate common characteristics of connective tissue, and list and describe its structural elements b. Describe the types of connective tissue found in the body, and indicate their characteristic functions. 3. Muscle tissue Compare and contrast the structures and body locations of the three types of muscle tissue. a 4. Nervous tissue Indicate the general characteristics of nervous tissue. How do cutaneous, mucous, and serous membranes differ? a. 5. a. Describe the structure and function of cutancous, mucous, and serous membranes. 6. How are tissues repaired? the process of tissue repair involved in normal healing of a superficial wound. 7. Understand the different disorders of tissues: a. EDS b. Crohns c. Sjogren's syndrome

Explanation / Answer

Ans 1

a. Structural and functional characteristics of epithelial tissue:

- It lines the external and internal cavities of an animal's body.

-It provides protection to the underlying tissues.

- It helps in absorption.

- It helps in secretion of various enzymes and chemicals in the body.

- It performs the function of reception of sensory stimuli.

Ans b: The cells of this tissue lie very near to each other or by side to side on the basement membrane. This tissue lacks matrix. they are further classified into subcategories on the basis of their cell size.location in the body and nature of work.

On the basis of cell size:

- Squamous epithelial tissues: cells of this tissue are flat like scales, the nucleus is large.Eg wall of the Bowman's capsule of kidneys. mainly perform the function of filtration and covering.

- Cuboidal epithelial tissue: it has cuboidal shape cells. Eg. collecting tubules of kidneys. Mainly perform the function of absorption and covering.

- Columnar epithelial tissue: it has cells which are narrow and elongated. Eg. on the inner wall of the intestine. Mainly perform the function of secretion, absorption, and protection.

On the basis of location in the body:

- Simple epithelial tissue: The cells are arranged in a single layer on the basement membrane.

- Stratified epithelial tissue: The cells are arranged in more than one layer on the basement membrane.

- Pseudostratified epithelial tissue: The cells are arranged in a single layer of the basement tissue, but they are of variable heights and therefore gives an appearance of stratified tissue.

Ans c: Glands are the organ in the human body which secretes a different kind of chemical substances to perform various metabolic functions in the body.

Ans d: Difference between exocrine and endocrine glands:

Exocrine glands

Endocrine glands

They may or may not have ducts

They never have ducts

These glands directly secretes at the site of action or its secretion directly reaches the site of action

They secret their secretion directly into the blood

They secrete enzymes

They secrete hormones

They control short-term activity.

They control long-term target organ.

Ex: Gastric glands, salivary glands

Ex: Thyroid glands, adrenal glands