Problem: A patient has the following volumes of distribution: deuterium oxide: 4

Question

Problem: A patient has the following volumes of distribution: deuterium oxide: 40 liters inulin: 13 liters Evans blue: 2.8 liters Her plasma shows a freezing point depression of 0.53 degrees C. For an ideal solution, a 1 OsM solution depresses the freezing point 1.86 degrees C. 1. What is the osmolarity of her body fluids? 2. How much solute (osmoles) exists in each of the above compartments? Using the data above as the initial conditions in each case, determine the effects of the following procedures on the water and solute in the ECF and ICF after equilibrium has occurred. You should be able to give the numerical values for volume and osmolarity of the ECF and ICF. Briefly explain your rationale for solving each problem. (Treat each solution below as a separate problem; do not make them additive.) 3. Patient ingests 1 L of water, which is absorbed totally from the digestive tract. 4. Patient ingests 0.18 moles of NaCI, all of which is absorbed into the body. Use dissociation constant of 2 for NaCl in all problems. 5. Patient receives an intravenous infusion of 2 L of 0.9% NaCl solution. 6. Patient eliminates 0.5 L of sweat that contains 100 milliosmoles NaCI. 7. Patient ingests 1 L of water containing 0.3 moles of urea, all of which is absorbed. 8. Patient receives an intravenous infusion of 1.5 L of glucose solution containing 0.25 moles of glucose per liter of solution. Calculate ECF and ICF volumes and osmolarity at the point where 1/3 the glucose has entered the cells.

Explanation / Answer

1) Total body water equals the volume of distribution of dueterium oxide. So, the total body water is 40 liters.

The volume of extracellular fluid is determined by inulin. So, extracellular fluid volume is 13 liters.

Plasma volume is 2.8 liters as represented by volume of distribution of Evans Blue.

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