54 F. The continuous maximum tension generated by the tetanus toxin produces fat

Question

54 F.

The continuous maximum tension generated by the tetanus toxin produces fatigue in muscle cells. Which of the following would be observed in Joe's muscle cells?

When the vaccine for Clostridium tetani was introduced as a routine childhood immunization in the 1940s, the number of cases of tetanus in the United States dropped dramatically. However, because C. tetani lives in the soil, it is virtually impossible to eradicate its disease-causing potential completely. Additionally, a booster vaccine is needed every 5 to 10 years to maintain immunity to the disease. Failure to obtain the vaccination or booster vaccines results in about 60–80 tetanus cases reported each year in the United States.

In many ways, Joe represents the average case of a patient with tetanus—a middle-aged adult without ready access to healthcare and with occupational exposure to sharp, soil-contaminated instruments. Most cases of tetanus are caused by an injury, although the bacteria may also be introduced through intravenous drug use, skin piercings, and burns.

In less-developed countries, tetanus is much more prevalent, and on average, 500,000 to 1 million cases are reported per year. Furthermore, in less-developed countries, this disease primarily affects children and infants, and has a very high fatality rate. Because tetanus is preventable with a vaccine, it is a disease the World Health Organization has targeted for elimination through widespread vaccination programs.

With this case, we saw the drastic effects of a disruption in the homeostasis of the muscular and nervous systems. A muscle fiber requires its motor neuron to release acetylcholine in order to contract, but it also requires a motor neuron to stop releasing acetylcholine in order to relax. The two systems must work together to produce the smooth, fluid movements to which we are accustomed. However, the disruption in homeostasis of the muscular and nervous systems caused by tetanus can have consequences that reach beyond these two systems.

The continuous maximum tension generated by the tetanus toxin produces fatigue in muscle cells. Which of the following would be observed in these muscle cells?

a. A decreased demand for oxygen by the muscle fiber b. Increased levels of creatine phosphate and glycogen in the muscle fibers. c. An increased demand for oxygen by the muscle fiber d. Decreased levels of ADP and calcium ions in the cytosol of the muscle fiber

Explanation / Answer

Ans-

Fire of action potential continue in the muscle fibre and contraction is prolonged , So less time to relaxe. That condition , require much energy. Creating passport is quick way to supply energy to muscle fibre , by donating phosphate to ADP molecule and form ATP. Glycogen store in muscle fibre is also required for source of energy.

So option (B) is correct

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