10:10 PM ilearn.sfsu.edu 37961 113 AT&T; 10 of 19 PAGE 24. In twitch summation,
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10:10 PM ilearn.sfsu.edu 37961 113 AT&T; 10 of 19 PAGE 24. In twitch summation, a) the muscle fiber is stimulated again before the filaments have completely returned to their resting position b) stronger muscle contractions occur but stronger action potentials do not oceur c) a second action potential occurs in the muscle fiber, before the first action potential is finished d) both a) and b) are correct e) all of the above are correct 25. The force generated by a single muscle fiber a) is always the same b) can be increased by increasing the frequency of action potentials c) can be increased by motor unit recruitment d) more than one of the above is correct 26. In an isometric (static) muscle contraction: a) the muscle tissue shortens c) the load is moved b) muscle tension exceeds the force of the load d) both b) and c) are correct e) none of the above is correct 27, One of the major differences among skeletal muscle fiber types is their resistance to fatigue. for energy c) lactic acid The fibers with the most endurance rely on a) anaerobic glycolysis b) oxidative phosphorylation d) myoglobin 28. Which of the following statements concerning the characteristics of different muscle fiber types is FALSE? a) The higher the ATPase activity, the faster the speed of contraction. b) Muscle fibers containing large amounts of myoglobin have a dark red color in comparison to the paler fibers, which have little myoglobin. c) Oxidative types of muscle fibers contain a lot of myoglobin. d) Scientific studies have found that, with selective training of a muscle tissue, slow twitch fibers can transform into fast twitch fibers and vice versa. e) In response to weight training, fast twitch fibers increase protein synthesis. 29. Which of the following have gap junctions? a) in skeletal muscle b) in single-unit smooth muscle d) more than one of the above is correct c) in multi-unit smooth muscle WRITTEN PORTION OF EXAM (beginning on the next page): Write your answers directly on this exam, using the space allotted. For any calculations, you must show your work in order to get full credit. For written responses, please use complete sentences, use good grammar, and write legibl. (f we can't read it, we can't grade it!!) If you wish, you may draw diagrams to support your answers.Explanation / Answer
24: all options are correct (i.e) option d. The muscles will be stimulated repeatedly by creating action potentials, before the first contraction is finished. The action potential will be the same, but frequency may increase.
25: c is the correct answer as force is dependent on physiological cross sectional area (number of muscle fibres and length of each). The higher the number of muscle fibres involved in the action, the greater is the force.
26 e. is the correct answer (i.e) none of the above are correct. In isometric muscle contraction, mucle length will not change, while creating a tension.
27. answer b and d is correct (i.e) oxidative phosphorylation and myoglobin concentration.
28: d is false. No studies are available to prove this theory. However arguements are there but no conclusive documenting evidence.
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