What are some of the responses of the body when elevated blood pressure is sense

Question

What are some of the responses of the body when elevated blood pressure is sensed? (select all that apply)

excrete salts

excrete water

vasoconstriction

increase thirst

As fluid is transported down the descending limb of the loop of Henle, the surrounding medulla becomes more____________ (Select best answer)            

permeable to ions

hyperosmotic

hyposmotic

Which of the following hormone mechanisms increases ion AND water retention? (your selection must be able to stimulate both effects simultaneously) (select one)

Natriuretic peptides

Aldosterone

Vasopressin

Renin-angiotensin system

Explanation / Answer

excrete salts  The kidney contains mechanisms to control blood pressure. When the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) drops, the stretch receptors in the macula densa signal cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus to secrete renin. Increased sodium intake leads to increased intravascular fluid volume with resultant increased cardiac output that leads to increased peripheral resistance and an increase in blood pressure. This increased blood pressure then increases renal perfusion pressure that should trigger increased excretion of sodium with water.

excrete water The kidneys provide a hormonal mechanism for the regulation of blood pressure by managing blood volume. raises blood pressure by stimulating the kidneys to retain H 2O ( raising blood pressure by increasing blood volume) so here the blood pressure is decreased by decrease the blood volume by excreation of more water.

vasoconstriction in Vascular alteration over time, hypertension results in thickening of small muscular arteries and arterioles, which makes them less responsive to vasodilators.during high BP blood vessels in vasoconstriction mode .

increase thirst angiotensin II indirectly contribution to thirst in response to low blood volume and low blood pressure , at high BP there is no increase in thirst .

2 ) the tubular fluid becomes steadily more concentrated or hyperosmotic (compared to blood) as it travels down the thin descending limb of the tubule.

3 ) the Aldosterone is a key steroid hormone critical for maintaining salt and water balance. It regulates the concentration of minerals, like sodium and potassium, in the fluid outside your cells. When your sodium levels drop, or potassium levels rise, your body signals your adrenal glands to release aldosterone into your blood. Aldosterone signals your kidneys to reabsorb sodium into the blood, and acts on your sweat glands to reduce sodium loss through sweat.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse W
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.