314) Concerning the pathways for vestibular sensation, a) descending instruction

Question

314) Concerning the pathways for vestibular sensation, a) descending instructions along the spinal vestibulospinal tractsadjust peripheral muscle tone. b) hair cells are contacted by sensory neurons with their cell bodies in the vestibular ganglia. c) motor commands from the vestibular nuclei are involved in reflexive eye, head, and neck movements. d) A and B e) A, B and C
315) The cochlea a) contains perilymph and endolymph. b) contains the organ of Corti. c) has three membrane covered windows. d) A and B e) A, B and C
316) The cochlea a) contains a central hub called the modiolus. b) contains a spiral ganglion, which contains the cell bodies of the sensory neurons. c) has a conical shape. d) A and B e) A, B, and C
317) The cochlear duct a) is associated with the basilar and tympanic membranes. b) has the oval and round windows at its base. c) is also known as the scala tympani. d) contains perilymph. e) A and B

314) Concerning the pathways for vestibular sensation, a) descending instructions along the spinal vestibulospinal tractsadjust peripheral muscle tone. b) hair cells are contacted by sensory neurons with their cell bodies in the vestibular ganglia. c) motor commands from the vestibular nuclei are involved in reflexive eye, head, and neck movements. d) A and B e) A, B and C
315) The cochlea a) contains perilymph and endolymph. b) contains the organ of Corti. c) has three membrane covered windows. d) A and B e) A, B and C
316) The cochlea a) contains a central hub called the modiolus. b) contains a spiral ganglion, which contains the cell bodies of the sensory neurons. c) has a conical shape. d) A and B e) A, B, and C
317) The cochlear duct a) is associated with the basilar and tympanic membranes. b) has the oval and round windows at its base. c) is also known as the scala tympani. d) contains perilymph. e) A and B

Explanation / Answer

ANS 314. VESTIBULAR SENSATION - It is  the sensory system that provides the leading contribution to the sense of balance and spatial orientation for the purpose of coordinating movement with balance. Together with the cochlea, a part of the auditory system, it constitutes the labyrinth of the inner ear in most mammals. As movements consist of rotations and translations, the vestibular system comprises two components: the semicircular canals, which indicate rotational movements; and the otoliths, which indicate linear accelerations. The vestibular system sends signals primarily to the neural structures that control eye movements, and to the muscles that keep an animal upright. The projections to the former provide the anatomical basis of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, which is required for clear vision; and the projections to the muscles that control posture are necessary to keep an animal upright.

projecting pathways -

pathways.

so the ans 314 is E - all A,B and C

COCHLEA-  the auditory portion of the inner ear.

Anatomy of cochlea - The cochlea (plural is cochleae) is a spiralled, hollow, conical chamber of bone, in which waves propagate from the base(near the middle ear and the oval window) to the apex (the top or center of the spiral). Rosenthal's canal or the spiral canal of the cochlea is a section of the bony labyrinth of the inner ear that is approximately 30 mm long and makes 2¾ turns about the modiolus. The cochlear structures include:

Three scalae or chambers:

therefore according to the above explanation answers to 315 and 316 - E = All A,B and C

ANS 317 COCHLEAR DUCT -

The Cochlear Duct (or Scala Media) is an endolymph filled cavity inside the cochlea, located in between the tympanic duct and the vestibular duct, separated by the basilar membrane and Reissner's membrane (the vestibular membrane) respectively.

The cochlear duct houses the organ of Corti.

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