Review pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract by matching each term shown

Question

Review pathophysiology of the gastrointestinal tract by matching each term shown at left with the appropriate definition at right. Form via crystallization of cholesterol when its concentration becomes high in bile in relation to concentrations of phospholipids or bile salts Lactase Includes symptoms such as headache, loss of appetite, and nausea Constipation caused by distention of the rectum due to the lack of defecation for days to weeks The inability to completely digest lactose such that its Lactose intolerance concentration increases in the small intestine The accumulation of bilirubin in the blood and its diffusion into Gallstones tissues, which produces a yellowish color of the skin and eyes by a bacterium that releases a toxin that stimulates the production of cAMP in secretory cells at the base of intestinal villi, which increases secretion of chloride and water into the intestinal lumen Laxatives Results from decreased fluid absorption, increased fluid secretion, Diarrhea or both A condition describing fat malabsorption from the small intestine, Steatorrhea and its appearance in the feces Surgery used to remove an inflamed gallbladder or stones from an Jaundice obstructed duct An enzyme embedded in the luminal plasma membranes of intestinal epithelial cells that digests lactose Cholera Cholecystectomy Agents that increase the frequency or ease of defecation

Explanation / Answer

Lactase- An enzyme embedded in the luminal plasma membranes of intestinal epithelial cells that digest lactose.

Constipation- Includes symptoms such as headache, loss of appetite, and nausea caused by distention of the rectum due to the lack of defecation for days to weeks.

Lactose intolerance- The inability to completely digest lactose such that its concentration increases in the small intestine.

Gallstones- Formed via crystalization of cholesterol when its concentration becomes high in bile in relation to concentration of phospholipids or bile salts.

Laxatives- Agents that increase frequency or ease of defecation.

Diarhhea- Results from decresed fluid absorption, increased fluid secretion, or both.

Steatorrhea- A condition describing fat malabsorption from the small inrestine, and its appearance in the feces.

Jaundice- The accumulation on bilirubin in the blood and its diffusion into tissues, which produces a yellowish colour of the skin and eyes.

Cholera- Caused by a bacterium that releases a toxin that stimulates the production of cAMP in secretory cells at the base of intestinal villi, which increases secretion of chloride and water into the intestinal lumen.

Cholecystectomy- Surgery used to remove inflammed gallbladder or stones from an obstructed duct.

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