1. A screening test that has a low Predictive Value (+) and a high Predictive Va
ID: 3482873 • Letter: 1
Question
1. A screening test that has a low Predictive Value (+) and a high Predictive Value (-) is more efficient in identifying
A. True positive B. True negative C. False positive D. False negative
-----
2. A screening test that has a high sensitivity and a low specificity is more efficient in identifying
A. True positive B. True negative C. False positive D. False negative
-------
3. The risk of a non-communicable chronic disease is best estimated by its
A. Prevalence rate B. Incidence rate C. Death rate D. Birth rate
------
4.Typically a case control study starts from disease status while a cohort study starts from exposure status: T or F
------
5.Which of the following study cannot be used to estimate the incidence rate of a disease in a place?
A. Case-control study B. Cohort study C. Experimental study D. All of the above can be used to estimate the incidence rate
-------
6.Which of the following Hil's criteria for causation is required in an established causal relation? A. Temporality B. Analogy C. Strength of association D. Biological plausibility
-------
7. Which of the following methods is most efficient and economic when studying the causes of a rare disease? A. Cross-sectional study B. Case tontrol study C. Cohort study D. Experimental study
Explanation / Answer
1.A screening test has low predictive value(+) and High predictive value (-) means
True negative-Low predictive value means less percentage of carrying disease.so probability of disease carrying is less.High negative value means high percentage of disease free.so more probability is disease free or unaffected.
2.A screening test has high sensitivity and low specificity means
True positive-High sensitivity means probability of screening test is positive.so probability of carrying disease is more.low specificity means probability of percentage of disease free is less.sometimes for high sensitivity false negative result may come.
3.The risk of non-communicable chronic disease is estimated by
Death Rate-Non communicable disease death (NCD) rate is 70% of all death globally.NCD are cardiovascular disease diseases (stroke,heart disease),cancer,asthma and diabetes etc.This is due to smoking tobacco,drinking alcohol,unhealthy diet etc.Unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity leads to high blood pressure,high blood glucose,increase fat and obesity.These factors leads to cardiovascular diseases.
4.A case control study starts from disease status while a cohort study starts from exposure status is
False-A cohort study starts with group of people with and without exposure to a disease.In cohort study randomly subject selected from a disease suspect area to know wheather or not they are exposed to certain disease.
Case control study begins with selection of subject with disease and without disease.control represent people that developed disease or risk of disease.Exposure status of certain disease determined in both case and control studies.
5.Case control study,cohort study and experimental study all three studies are involved to estimate incidence rate of disease in a place-
case control study involves study of subject expose to certain disease
experimental study involve random assignment of subject to different groups (experimental or control) in order to determine effect of certain condition and outcome of disease
cohort study involve study of group of people disease free and to determine causes of disease.
Related Questions
Navigate
Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.