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Chrome File Edit View History Bookmarks People Window Hel w Screen Shot 2017-10.)10 at 9.24.26 PM A boy's mother yelled at him to walk the dogs all afternoon. After he walked them, she stopped yelling at him. The boy now takes the dogs for a walk whenever his mother yells at him. 5. Define the terms positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement. 6. Define the terms positive punishment and negative punishment. 7. State whether the boy in the above example is experiencing positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment or negative punishment. Note: When defining the reinforcements and punishments, make sure to indicate whether it makes the behavior more or less likely to occur again. Read the Sample Assignment (click on Learning Assignment and click on the link to the Learning Assignment Sample.)

Explanation / Answer

5. Positive reinforcement happens when an individual repeats the behaviour in expectation of a positive outcome. For example being hired or appreciated etc

On the other hand negative reinforcement occurs when an individual wants to avoid a negative outcome. For eg: Avoid pain, sadness, insult, embarassment etc.

Positive Punishment and Negative punishments are both aimed at changing the behaviour through stringent means. While the positive Punishment is directed towards adding an exercise or a routine to an individual for example giving extra homework or extra exercersizes etc.

While negative punishment is about taking away the privileges individual already had for eg: confiscating mobile phone or play station.

7. In the above example the boy is going through a negative reinforcement if the mother stops yelling at him everytime he takes his dog out.

While negative reinforcement may look highly effective at the beginning of it is continuously used it's effect may get over soon and may no longer cause a behaviour change therefore positive reinforcement bis much more effective in the long run too.

As far as the punishment it cannot be held generic for some young children positive Punishment like extra homework would be a deterrent but for adolescents negative punishments like taking away their privileges would be deterrent.

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