1) what is the root function of science? 2) How is science different than techno
ID: 3493521 • Letter: 1
Question
1) what is the root function of science?
2) How is science different than technology?
3) According to social constructionism, what is scientific ‘truth’?
3) How is the positivist view of science different than the social constructionist view of science?
4) Before the 19th century, did we always have a firm understanding of the scientific principles involved before we developed technologies? Explain.
5) What is technological determinism?
6) According to the Lenskis, what drives social change? What are the 5 historical periods they identified?
7) According to Marx, what drives social change?
8) According to Durkheim, what is the difference between mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity?
9) What was the crucial system cost in Edison’s electrical system that had to be reduced to make the system feasible?
10) Why was Edison so interested (personally) in developing the electric light bulb? What did he want to gain?
11) Why does Thomas Hughes state that technological advancement is really economic advancement in western societies?
12) What specialized knowledge was required to make stone tools?
13) What effect did the introduction of the plough have on ancient societies? The heavy plough?
14) Of all the Roman inventions discussed in class, which contributed the most to their success in building – and keeping – an empire? Explain.
15) What effect did the institution of slavery have on technological development? Explain.
16) What effect did the introduction of iron have on ancient societies?
17) What does Nicholas Carr mean when he states “…as we come to rely on computers to mediate our understanding of the world, it is our own intelligence that flattens into artificial intelligence.”
18) What was the purpose of Frederick Winslow Taylor’s The Principles of Scientific Management?
Explanation / Answer
1. Objective of science is to explore basic law and principles of this world and the universe. Physical laws and principles reassure us of what we have observed and helps us better understading of the same.
2. Science is going behind the knowledge of something while technology is creating products to improve life. Technology is more practical application where as science is more of a study related factor.
3. Scientific truth is study of science through social activity. It is social construction of reality that examines the development of jointly constructed understanding of the world. It forms assumptions about reality.
Positivist form of science is experimental based compared to social part of it
.
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