As a result of watching the video: Everybody Rides the Carousel, select one scen
ID: 3501178 • Letter: A
Question
As a result of watching the video: Everybody Rides the Carousel, select one scene of significance to you and discuss the scene from the perspective of at least two of the following theories: learning theory, cultural theory, social role theory, and systems theory. I was thinking about using the second scene ; erikson's stage autonomy versus shame, i'm just having a hard time adding in two theories to it.https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKt7__yeszw - this is the video! Thank you! As a result of watching the video: Everybody Rides the Carousel, select one scene of significance to you and discuss the scene from the perspective of at least two of the following theories: learning theory, cultural theory, social role theory, and systems theory. I was thinking about using the second scene ; erikson's stage autonomy versus shame, i'm just having a hard time adding in two theories to it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKt7__yeszw - this is the video! Thank you! As a result of watching the video: Everybody Rides the Carousel, select one scene of significance to you and discuss the scene from the perspective of at least two of the following theories: learning theory, cultural theory, social role theory, and systems theory. I was thinking about using the second scene ; erikson's stage autonomy versus shame, i'm just having a hard time adding in two theories to it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hKt7__yeszw - this is the video! Thank you!
Explanation / Answer
ERIKSON'S PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
According to Erik Erikson, there are 8 stages of Psychosocial development. He states that every individual undergoes a 'Psychosocial Crisis' during each stage, and this would either have a positive or a negative outcome for the development of his or her personality.
STAGES BASIC VIRTUE AGE
- Trust Vs Mistrust Hope 0 - 1.5 Years
- Autonomy Vs Shame Will 1.5 - 3 Years
- Initiative Vs Guilt Purpose 3 - 5 Years
- Industry Vs Inferiority Competency 5 - 12 Years
- Identity Vs Role confusion Fidelity 12 - 18 Years
- Intimacy Vs Isolation Love 18 - 40 Years
- Generativity Vs Stagnation Care 40 - 65 Years
- Ego intergrity Vs Despair Wisdom 65 and Above
From the above video, the scene 2 explains about the second stage of psychosocial development. The child now develops itself physically as well as psychologically, the various developmental milestones attained in this stage includes, crawling, walking, playing, babbling, talking and exploring the things and people, around the age of 18 months to 3 years of age.
During this stage, the child would develop a sense of 'Autonomy' and would try to take initiative and learn things by itself. It is necessary for the parents and the significant others of the child to encourage and support the child whenever he or she attempts to do a new thing like, finding ways to use a toy. The parents must not restrict the child from doing new things, because the child may not get a oppurtunity to experiment. The child must not be made to feel inadequate when it fails in doing something. For example, if the child falls down while trying to walk, the parents need not rush up to pick up the child, rather they could support and motivate the child to get up by himself, which would give him a feeling of autonomy.
THE LEARNING THEORY:
The Learning theory states that a behavior is learned by the influence of the environment such as the reinforcements, punishments, associations or observation.
For example: If the mother says to the child, ''pick up the ball'' and when the child correctly picks up the ball, the mother would appreciate the child by smiling at him, or hugging him or saying "Good boy!". According to operant conditioning, this appreciation from the mother serves as a reinforcement to the child, where he associates the pleasure with the accomplishment of the task and he would develop feeling of 'Autonomy'
In the same way, if the child does not pick up the ball when the mother says to do so, she might react angrily to the child, this makes the child think that he is incompetent, which would be associated with the failure in the task, and he would develop feeling of 'Shame'.
CULTURAL THEORY:
The cultural theory states that the behavior of an individual is largely influenced by the culture to which he belong to.
For example, The parents belonging to the Western countries like USA or Canada, bring up their child in a more independent way since they belong to a Individualistic culture. Whereas parents belonging to India or China bring up their child in a more protected and a secure way, as they belong to a Collectivistic culture. So, it is more likely that the child belonging to a Individualistic culture has more autonomy than a child belonging to a Collectivistic culture.
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