Atoms and Elements A. Matter is anything that has Elements are substances that c

Question

Atoms and Elements A. Matter is anything that has Elements are substances that can't be simpler substance:s What are some important elements for humans? and occupies space B. C. D. down into All atoms are made composed particles 1. Protons: 2.Neutrons: 3.Electrons: charge charge charge Electrons and lons A. Chemical bonds are formed when the electrons located in the outermost electron shells of atoms interact. B. lons: Atoms or molecules that carry a 1. 2. 3. Cation: Anion: Several physiologically important ions to consider: charge charge Sodium (Na*): principle cation of fluid Potassium (KT): principle cation of a. b. fluid

Explanation / Answer

ATOMS AND ELEMENTS

A.Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space

B.Elements are the substances that cannot be broken down intlo simpler substances

C.Some important elements are Oxygen,hydrogen,carbon,nitrogen,calcium,phosphorus

D.All atoms are composed of protons,electrons and neutrons

Protons: Positive charge

Neutrons: no charge

Electrons: Negative charge

ELECTRONS AND IONS

A.Valence electron shells

B.IONS: Atoms or molecules that contain Non zero electrical charge

1. Cations: Positively charged

2.Anions:negatively charged

3.sodium is the main component of Extracellular fluid

4. Potassium is the main component of Intracellular fluid

CHEMICAL BONDS

Ionic bond:

A.A strong mutual attraction between the two ions of Opposite charges

B. Opposite charges attract

C. Example:Like charges repel opposite charges attract

One positive charge and one negative charge attract and both positive or both negative charges repel

2.Covalent bonds:

A bond in which electrons are share the pair of electrons between atoms

A.Non polar covalent bonds: Electrons in this type of bonds are equally shared

Example: O2,N2,O3

B.Polar covalent bonds: The atoms in this type in which the electrons are NOT Equally shared

Example:H2O,HF

3.Hydrogen bonds

A weak attraction between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction of proton of one molecule and electronegative atom of other

A.Hydrogen atoms are common between H2O molecules in which between hydrogen and oxygen molecule which bear the lone pair of electrons

B.Hydrogen bonds is a weak molecular force but it is an additive effect which stabilises the DNA molecule

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