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105. A of the vertebrae is an emergency and can potentially cause paralysis. a.

ID: 3507529 • Letter: 1

Question

105. A of the vertebrae is an emergency and can potentially cause paralysis. a. Burst fracture b. Compression fracture c. Spondylolysis d. Spondylolisthesis 106 Gymnasts are prone to a variety of low back and hip injuries due to a. Extreme forward bending movements b. Hyperextension of the lumbar spine c. Impact from falls d. All of the above 107.When the bulges through the annulus fibrosis toward the nerve roots, this is a herniated disc. a. Nucleus pulposus b. Annulus c. Transverse Process d. Facet 108.Sacroiliac joint dysfunction can be caused by a. Sacrum fracture b. Pregnancy c. Imbalance of muscles attaching to the pelvis d. All of the above 109. Approximately percent of running athletes experience hip and pelvis injuries. b. 10 d. 30 110. Adductor tendinosis is caused by a. Hip pointer b. Leg length discrepancy c. Osteoarthritis d. Repetitive strain

Explanation / Answer

105.Answer is a . Burst fracture. Burst fracture is the condition in which the spine is injured and vertebra is crushed or highly injured to the extent where paralysis can be caused. While on the other hand compression fracture is the injury of the spine where only front part is crushed and forms a wedge shape. Spondylosis and spondylolisthesis stands for the broad term meaning degeneration of the spinal column from any cause. In the more narrow sense it refers to spinal osteoarthrosis, the age-related wear and tear of the spinal column, which is the most common cause of spondylosis while Spondylolisthesis is the condition in which one vertebral body is slipped forward over another.

106.d All of the options are correct because all of them are highly muscle engaging practices which can cause low back and hip injuries.

107. a. Nucleus Pulposus. It is the soft center of the spinal disc. It breaches the annulus fibrosus which is the tough exterior causing herniated disc.

108..d.All of the options are correct. Sacroiliac dysfunction can be caused due to pregnancy. Whereas sacrum fracture is another kind of injury which can lead to sacroiliac dysfunction. During pregnancy hormones imbalance and mother's giving birth to large babies or have prolonged labor are the reasons.

109 . Not sure.

110. d. Repetitive strain . Repetitive strain on adductor tendon.

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