BIO 201: Case Study Writing Assignment #1 NAME Directions: Read through these ca
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BIO 201: Case Study Writing Assignment #1 NAME Directions: Read through these case studies and answer the questions at the end of the case study. The entire case study is worth 15 points assignment. Notes about writing assignment: All answers should be in complete sentences unless otherwise indicated. Although complete sentences are required, these should be SHORT answer sentences. No paragraphs are needed. Points will be deducted if proper sentence structure is not used. You should be restating the question within your answer. Be thorough in your description, but do not give more information than asked in the question. 1. 2. All answers should be PARAPHRASED. Any direct plagiarism of any source (including text, 3. Canvas requires you to turn in a .doc, docx, .rtf form. Do NOT wait until the last minute to upload. 4. You are REQUIRED to CITE all your answers, including Lab Manual Information and Textbook 5. Even one second past the deadline of will result in automatic 50% reduction of score. No writing powerpoints, and lab manual) of 5 or more words will automatically receive a ZERO. Any issues with the site and turning in requires a SCREEN SHOT of the issue with the paper sent to the instructor's email as soon as possible. Information. If you use ANY other source, a full html website needs to be supplied. assignments will be accepted after Case Study A Epithelial Tissue and Cancer Chief Complaint: 68-year-old man with a cough and dyspnea ("shortness of breath" for the past week. History: Daniel McDonald, a 68-year-old white male with a 40-pack-year smoking history suffered from chronic bronchitis for which he had up a bloody sputum X-ray reveal revealed a tumor that was nearly occluding the right mainstem bronchus. A bronchial biopsy revealed the diagnosis: bronchogenic carcinoma been on antibiotics for several months. Two weeks ago, he began coughing ("hemoptysis"). In the past week he's become increasingly short of breath. A routine chest ed two silver dollar-sized opacities on the right side of the carina. Bronchoscopic examination 1. Define the terms and describe where in the body each term is: a bronchogenic opacities, d. carina a. bronchogenic carcinoma: b. hemoptysis: c. opacities: d. carina: 2. Most cancers arise from epithelial tissue. Why do you suppose this is?Explanation / Answer
1.
(a). It is a malignant neoplasm of lungs arising from the epithelial cells of bronchus or bronchioles.
(b). Hemoptysis means presence of blood in the sputum.
(c). Opacities:- the quality or state of body that makes it impervious to rays of light. Eg. Lens of eye
(d). Carina is present at the base of trachea where the main brochi divides into left and right branches.
It is usually sit in t4/t5 plane and is present usually at the level of sternal angle.
2. Most cancers arise from epithelial tissue beacaue epithelial tissue is contantly being made and replaced. So the chances of mutation is highest in this tissue.
3. The brochial passage is lined by pseudostratified epithelial columnar epithelium which is ciliated and contains mucus secreting goblet cells. Any dust or bacteria etc adhere to the mucus and then swept away and outside.
4. Smoking destroys the cilia of the epithelial lining so the bacteria or infectious agents are not swept outside an there will be infections.
5. Dyspnea means difficulty in breathing .it occurs as a result of inflammation of the airways and this causes the airflow difficulty.so the person experiences difficulty in breathing mainly on exertion and sometimes on rest.
Hemoptysis means blood stained sputum of mucus. Its exact cause is not knownit occurs mainly in bronchitis ,tuberculosis, pneumonia and mainly in lung cancer.
6. The cancer cells wills be of irregular shape having large nuclei and with uncontrolled growth. Metaplasia may be seen .
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