A protein is a complex macromolecule with a 3-dimensional shape that determines

Question

A protein is a complex macromolecule with a 3-dimensional shape that determines its functions. Complete the following sentences. Then, place the sentences in order representing the levels of protein structure, starting with its building blocks and leading to its complex function. Not all terms will be used. hydrogen amino acids tertiary structure amino carbonyl primary structure quaternary structure secondary structure peptide Drag the text blocks below into their correct order. of a protein exists if multiple polypeptides bind together to form a functional The protein. The building blocks of proteins are amino acids. They are made up of a center carbon atom bound to a positively charged chain. group, a negatively charged group, and a side In the of a protein the polypeptide is folded through the mechanism of amino acids rotating around bonds and folding into an alpha-helix or beta-pleated sheet structure and stabilized by bonds. In the a complex 3-dimensional shape of a protein the amino acid side chains of the folded polypeptide interact, forming The of a protein is the sequence of amino acids that are attached together by bonds. Reset

Explanation / Answer

1. Most proteins are made up of multiple polypeptide chain known as subunits. These subunits may be of the same type (homodimer) or of different types (heterodimers). The quaternary structure of the protein is the arrangement of the subunits, sometimes along with and inorganic molecule to form a larger protein complex and determine the final shape of the protein. Haemoglobin is made up of two alpha and two beta subunits linked to a heme group.

Option is quaternary structure.

2. Amino acids are the basic building blocks or monomers of proteins. Each amino acid have a positively charged amino group and a negatively charged carboxyl group along with a side chain.

They are linked together by peptide bond, peptide bonds is formed by the loss of water from the C-terminus COOH group of one amino acid and the N-terminus NH3+ group of the next amino acid.

Option is amino, carboxyl

3. Secondary structure of protein is formed when chains of amino acids are linked by hydrogen bonds. Secondary structures lead for formation of alpha helix and beta pleated structure. Alpha helix is aright handed coiled strand with side chains extending outside the helix. The oxygen of the C=O of each peptide bond in the strand form a hydrogen bond with the hydrogen of the N-H group of the peptide bond. H-bonds are formed ate every fourth amino acid.

Beta sheets can be parallel or anti-parallel. Hbonds are formed between a single chain with its neighboring chains. The amide donor and carbonyl acceptor atoms are pointed sideways.

Option: secondary structure, hydrogen

4. Tertiary structure of protein determine the three dimensional shape of the protein, when theamino acids of folded proteins interact. The tertiary structure is stabilized by polar/nonpolar interaction, Van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonds, ionic interaction and disulphide bonds. Nonpolar interaction occur between hydrophobic amino acids while polar interaction occur between hydrophilic amino acids. Disulphide bonds are seen in secreted proteins.

Option: Tertiary structure

5. The primary structure of the protein is the linear sequence of amino acids that are joined together by peptide bonds. They are linked together by peptide bond, peptide bonds is formed by the loss of water from the C-terminus COOH group of one amino acid and the N-terminus NH3+ group of the next amino acid. The amino acid side chain is different in the different amino acid and determines to which group the amino acid belong. Amino acids can be polar uncharged, nonpolar, positively charged or negatively charged.

Option: primary structure, peptide

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